DAVID FARRALL, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 4th DCA | 2004-11-17
No. 4D03-175
STONE and POLEN, JJ'., concur.
902 So. 2d 820 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (2004) Positive Treatment
Cited by 3 cases

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Holding

The trial court did not err in denying the motion to suppress blood evidence seized via search warrant, as the warrant superseded the need for subpoena notice.


Headnotes

[1] A search warrant for medical records requires a showing of probable cause that the records are relevant to the commission of a crime, and no prior notice or adversarial h…

[2] The constitutional right of privacy in medical records is not implicated by the seizure and review of those records under a valid search warrant without prior notice or h…

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Facts & Procedural History

Appellant was convicted of DUI/UBAL following a fatal car accident. He moved to suppress blood vials seized by the state, arguing the state prematurel…

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Opinion of the Court
SHAHOOD, J.

SHAHOOD, J.

We affirm appellant’s, David Farrall, conviction and sentence on the charge of driving under the influence/unlawful blood alcohol level (DUI/UBAL). We affirm on all issues raised and write only to discuss the issue of whether the trial court erred in denying appellant’s motion to suppress evidence allegedly seized in violation of State v. Rutherford, 707 So. 2d 1129 (Fla. 4th DCA 1997), disapproved by State v. Johnson, 814 So. 2d 390 (Fla.2002) (disapproving Rutherford to the extent that it requires application of the exclusionary rule anytime the state fails to comply with section 395.3025, Florida Statutes).

Appellant was charged in a six-count information with two counts of DUI/ Manslaughter, two counts of UBAL/ Manslaughter, and two counts of vehicular homicide. The charges stemmed from an automobile accident in which appellant was driving south in the northbound lanes of I-95 and struck another car head on, killing the ear’s two occupants at the scene. As to each victim, the state charged one count of driving under the influence of alcohol to the extent appellant’s normal faculties were impaired, one count of driving with a blood alcohol in excess of the lawful limit (.08), and one count of vehicular homicide based on reckless driving. Appellant filed a Motion to Consolidate and a Motion to Dismiss counts of the information based on double jeopardy. The court granted the motion as to the manslaughter charges. The state appealed that order; this court reversed the trial court and allowed the state to proceed on the alternative theories. See State v. Farrall, 807 So. 2d 151 (Fla. 4th DCA 2002).

As a result, the jury was presented with evidence relating to all theories. They entered a verdict finding appellant guilty of the lesser offense of DUI on Counts I and II (instead of DUI/Manslaughter), of the lesser offense of driving with an unlawful blood alcohol level on Counts III and TV (instead of UBAL/ Manslaughter), and of the lesser offense of reckless driving on Counts Y and VI (instead of vehicular homicide).

Prior to trial, appellant filed a motion to suppress blood vials and serum drawn from him while in the hospital. He alleged that the evidence was obtained in violation of Rutherford, 707 So. 2d at 1129. He argued, specifically, that, after giving notice of its intent to seek a subpoena of his hospital records and blood samples, the state disregarded the ten-day waiting period and seized the evidence prematurely by way of a search warrant.1

We agree with the state that this procedure was lawful. One has a constitutionally protected right to privacy of his medical records. See Art. I, § 12, Fla. Const. In criminal investigations such as the one involving appellant, however, the constitutional right may be overcome provided certain procedural safeguards are met. The procedure for obtaining a person’s medical records pursuant to a subpoena is outlined in section 395.3025, Florida Statutes. The statute requires that the party seeking the records give notice prior to issuing a subpoena and demonstrate a reasonable suspicion. See, e.g., State v. Rivers, 787 So. 2d 952 (Fla. 2d DCA 2001). This is so because, while there is no opportunity to object to a search warrant issued with probable cause, the law does provide the opportunity to object to a subpoena and have it quashed. See generally Dean v. State, 478 So. 2d 38 (Fla.1985).

Obtaining a search warrant, however, requires a higher threshold of proof. The state must show probable cause that the records are relevant to the commission of a crime. See § 933.02(3), Fla. Stat. (2000). As a result, no notice or adversarial hearing is required. See Limbaugh v. State, 887 So. 2d 387, 398, (Fla. 4th DCA 2004) (holding that “the constitutional right of privacy in medical records is not implicated by the State’s seizure and review of medical records under a valid search warrant without prior notice or hearing”).

In this case, the state initially sought appellant’s blood samples by way of a subpoena, but later obtained a search warrant to seize the same evidence. Thus, the subsequent issuance of a search warrant negated the need for a subpoena as well as any argument that notice was deficient. Because the state abandoned the subpoena in favor of a validly obtained search war rant, the trial court correctly denied appellant’s motion to suppress.

AFFIRMED.

STONE and POLEN, JJ'., concur. . Rule 1.351(b), Florida Rules of Civil Procedure, requires notice to be served at least ten days prior to the issuance of the subpoena.


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Cited By

  • McALEVY v. State, 947 So. 2d 525 (Fla. 4th DCA 2006)
    …da courts to be ‘evidence tending to prove or disprove a material fact.’ Id. at 74 (citations omitted); see also Cerroni, 823 So. 2d at 152. To obtain a search warrant on the other hand, the state has a higher burden of proof. See Farrall v. State, 902 So. 2d 820, 821 (Fla. 4th DCA 2004) (holding that, to obtain a search warrant, the state must show probable cause that the records are relevant to the commission of a crime). In this case, however, the state sought petitioner’s medical records by way of a sub…
  • Dinkins v. State (Fla. 5th DCA 2019)
    …ds obtained through search warrants. Id. Six weeks after its opinion in Limbaugh, the Fourth District Court again addressed the propriety of the State’s seizure of a defendant’s medical records without notice by search warrant. In Farrall v. State, 902 So. 2d 820, 820 (Fla. 4th DCA 2004), the defendant was charged with two counts of DUI manslaughter, two counts of UBAL 5 manslaughter, and two counts of vehicular homicide. The defendant’s blood was drawn while he was at the hospital, and the State subsequentl…

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