W.T.D., A CHILD, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 4th DCA | 2005-07-06
No. 4D04-2433
SHAHOOD and GROSS, JJ., concur.
906 So. 2d 333 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (2005) Positive Treatment
Cited by 2 cases

AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.

Synopsis

W.T.D. appealed his conviction for attempted battery on a school employee, a purported felony. The court held that Florida's enhancement statute for crimes against school employees does not create a separate offense of attempted battery on a school employee, and therefore W.T.D. could only be convicted of the base misdemeanor offense of attempted battery.


Holding

Florida Statutes section 784.081 does not create an offense of attempted battery on a school employee. The enhancement statute only reclassifies the enumerated base offenses and does not apply to attempts to commit those crimes. Therefore, W.T.D. could only be adjudicated delinquent for attempted battery, a misdemeanor, not attempted battery on a school employee.


Headnotes

[1] A statute that enhances the punishment for certain offenses committed against school employees does not create new substantive offenses and does not apply to attempts to…

[2] Enhancement statutes for offenses against public officials do not create new substantive offenses, and therefore, attempted assault and attempted battery against such off…

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Key Quotes

“there is no offense of attempted battery on a school employee. Florida Statutes section 784.081 reclassified assault, aggravated assault, battery or aggravated battery against school officials and employees and enhanced the punishment for each offense.”

Establishes the core holding that the enhancement statute does not create a separate crime of attempted battery on a school employee.

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Facts & Procedural History

W.T.D., a juvenile, became aggressive in class when instructed to sit quietly. When a teacher called for help to remove him, W.T.D. picked up a wooden…

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Opinion of the Court
STEVENSON, C.J.

STEVENSON, C.J.

W.T.D. timely appeals his conviction for attempted battery on a school employee in violation of section 784.081, Florida Statutes (2003). The State concedes, and we agree, that the statute does not create an offense of attempted battery on a school employee and the commitment must be vacated and the judgment reduced to a finding of attempted battery, a misdemeanor. W.T.D. was adjudicated delinquent for the offenses of attempted battery on a school employee and disrupting a school function. He was initially charged in a petition for delinquency with attempted aggravated battery but, in an amended petition, was charged with attempted battery on a school employee in violation of section 784.081.

The trial court held an adjudicatory hearing, finding, over W.T.D.’s objections, that the crime of attempted battery on a school employee did exist under Florida law. There, Simon Russell, the victim and a teacher at the Palm Beach Marine Institute, testified that W.T.D. became aggressive in class when told to sit quietly. As a result, he called for help on his radio to have someone remove W.T.D. from the classroom. As W.T.D. neared the door, he picked up a piece of wood, which was used as a window stop, and raised it above his head. Russell, threatened by this action, reached out and pulled the wood from W.T.D.’s hand.

At the conclusion of the evidence, W.T.D., relying on Merritt v. State, 712 So. 2d 384 (Fla.1998), argued that the enhancement statute did not create the crime of attempted battery on a school employee. At sentencing, W.T.D. again raised the issue of whether the offense was a felony or a misdemeanor, and cited further authority in support of his position. The trial court rejected the renewed argument and entered adjudication of delinquency for attempted battery on a school employee, a purported third degree felony, and imposed a Level 6 commitment.

As the State concedes, there is no offense of attempted battery on a school employee. Florida Statutes section 784.081 reclassified assault, aggravated assault, battery or aggravated battery against school officials and employees and enhanced the punishment for each offense. For example, under section 784.081(2), the offense of battery upon a school district employee is reclassified from a first degree misdemeanor to a third degree felony. In Merritt, however, the Florida Supreme Court held that a similar statute, Florida Statutes section 784.07, which enhances the punishment for assault, aggravated as sault, battery and aggravated battery committed against law enforcement and other specified public officers, does not create new substantive offenses and, by its plain language, does not apply to “attempts” to commit the enumerated crimes. The court stated:

The enhancement statute contains no enhancement or reclassification of penalties for the offense of attempted commission of the enumerated offenses; therefore, attempted assault and attempted battery as well as attempted aggravated assault and battery of a law enforcement officer are nonexistent offenses.

712 So. 2d at 385 (emphasis in original). Accord H.E.S. v. State, 773 So. 2d 80 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000) (instructing the lower court to enter judgment for the crime of attempted aggravated battery instead of attempted aggravated battery on a law enforcement officer, a nonexistent crime).

Here, W.T.D. should have been found guilty of attempted battery, a misdemean-or, pursuant to Florida Statutes sections 777.04 and 784.03 because the enhancement statute does not create the offense of attempted battery on a school employee. We thus remand with instructions for the trial court to enter an adjudication of delinquency based upon a finding that W.T.D. committed attempted battery and, consequently, to hold a new disposition hearing.

Remand ivith instructions.

SHAHOOD and GROSS, JJ., concur.


Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By

  • J.S. v. State, 925 So. 2d 438 (Fla. 5th DCA 2006)
    …n 784.07 of the Florida Statutes are non-existent crimes. See Moore v. State, 924 So. 2d 840, 2006 WL 12960 (Fla. 4th DCA January 4, 2006)(holding attempted aggravated assault on a law enforcement officer is not a crime in Florida); W.T.D. v. State, 906 So. 2d 333 (Fla. 4th DCA 2005)(holding sentence enhancement statute did not create offense of attempted battery on school employee, and thus minor’s adjudication of delinquency should have been based on finding that minor committed attempted battery). Accordi…
    1 / 2
  • C.L.P. v. State, 138 So. 3d 1121 (Fla. 4th DCA 2014)
    …sdemeanor under an incorrect interpretation of section 784.081, Florida Statutes (2012). On appeal, C.L.P. [*1122] argues that the offense of attempted battery on a school employee does not exist. We agree. As we previously held in W.T.D. v. State, 906 So. 2d 333, 334 (Fla. 4th DCA 2005), section 784.081 does not create the offense of attempted battery on a school employee but rather acts as an enhancement statute. Where the offense of assault, aggravated assault, battery, or aggravated battery is committed…

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