JOHN EDWARD BLANDING, II, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE
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Appellant challenged a sentencing reduction, arguing the trial court erred by failing to conduct a Nelson hearing after he mentioned having issues with his counsel's effectiveness. The First District affirmed, holding that Appellant's vague complaint did not satisfy the three-prong test required to trigger a Nelson hearing.
The trial court did not err in refusing to conduct a Nelson hearing. Appellant's statement did not satisfy the three-prong test: (1) his statement was vague and generalized, not a clear and unequivocal request to discharge counsel; (2) he did not request discharge based on incompetence; and (3) his complaints related to past ineffectiveness, not current representation.
[1] A trial court is not required to conduct a Nelson hearing when a defendant's statement regarding appointed counsel is vague and generalized, rather than a clear and unequ…
[2] A Nelson hearing is triggered only when a defendant makes a clear and unequivocal statement of their desire to discharge appointed counsel.
Previewing 2 of 5 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“a defendant must do more than merely express dissatisfaction with his or her attorney for a Nelson hearing to be triggered”
Establishes that the threshold for a Nelson hearing is not mere dissatisfaction but requires satisfaction of a specific test.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceBlanding was sentenced to eight years incarceration plus ten years probation for two bank robberies. He filed a rule 3.800(b)(2) motion claiming his s…
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THOMAS, J.
After being sentenced to eight years of incarceration followed by 10 years of probation for his role in two bank robberies, Appellant filed a motion to correct a sentencing error pursuant to rule 3.800(b)(2), Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure (2005). Appellant’s claim was that his sentence was greater than he had agreed to in his plea, therefore, it could not be imposed without first giving him an opportunity to withdraw said plea. When the court agreed and gave Appellant the choice between a new, legal sentence or withdrawing his plea and going to trial, Appellant informed the court that he had “some issues of ineffective assistance of counsel.” After the trial court granted Appellant’s motion and reduced his sentence to the maximum agreed-upon sentence under the plea, Appellant filed a second rule 3.800(b)(2) motion, claiming that the trial court should have conducted a Nelson hearing when Appellant stated he had “some issues with ineffective assistance of counsel.” Appellant now appeals the trial court’s denial of this motion.
In Nelson v. State, 274 So. 2d 256 (Fla. 4th DCA 1973), the Fourth District held that if a defendant makes it clear to the trial court that he or she desires to discharge his or her court-appointed counsel, the trial court should inquire as to the reason for the request. The court further held that If incompetency of counsel is assigned by the defendant as the reason, or a reason [for discharge], the trial judge should make a sufficient inquiry of the defendant and his appointed counsel to determine whether or not there is reasonable cause to believe that the court appointed counsel is not rendering effective assistance to the defendant. If reasonable cause for such belief appears, the court should make a finding to that effect on the record and appoint a substitute attorney who should be allowed adequate time to prepare the defense. If no reasonable basis appears for a finding of ineffective representation, the trial court should so state on the record and advise the defendant that if he discharges his original counsel the State may not thereafter be required to appoint a substitute.
Id. at 258-259.
The Florida Supreme Court subsequently adopted this procedure in Hardwick v. State, 521 So. 2d 1071, 1074-1075 (Fla.1988). As Nelson and its progeny have noted, however, a defendant must do more than merely express dissatisfaction with his or her attorney for a Nelson hearing to be triggered. Morrison v. State, 818 So. 2d 432, 440 (Fla.2002). In fact, an examination of case law suggests that a Nelson hearing is required only when a three-prong test is satisfied: First, the defendant must make a “clear and unequivocal” statement that he wishes to discharge appointed counsel. Logan v. State, 846 So. 2d 472, 477 (Fla.2003). Second, the reason for the requested discharge must be a claim of incompetence. Smelley v. State, 486 So. 2d 669, 670 (Fla. 1st DCA 1986). Third, the alleged ineffectiveness must arise from the current representation by counsel, not past indiscretions. See Denson v. State, 689 So. 2d 1274, 1275 (Fla. 5th DCA 1997) (“It is the purpose of the Nelson inquiry to determine if the appointed counsel is performing adequately and if not, to replace such counsel. The Nelson inquiry has no role in past ineffectiveness of counsel”) (emphasis in original).
In this case, we find that the trial court did not err when it failed to conduct a Nelson hearing after Appellant’s statement. Appellant’s claim fails on all three prongs of the test laid out above. Appellant’s statement did not amount to a “clear and unequivocal” request that he wished to discharge counsel, but was rather a vague and generalized complaint that he had an issue with his attorney. Appellant also did not request the discharge of his court-appointed counsel because of incompetence. Furthermore, Appellant’s complaint did not relate to allegations that counsel was ineffective during sentencing; his complaints involved his designation as an HFO, plea offers from the State, and potential double jeopardy violations. All of these alleged deficiencies occurred before the sentencing hearing appealed here and thus relate to claims of past ineffectiveness rather than present representation. Under the foregoing, we hold that a Nelson hearing was not required. Therefore, the trial court’s denial of Appellant’s rule 3.800(b)(2) motion is AFFIRMED.
ERVIN and WEBSTER, JJ., concur.
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Laramee v. State, 90 So. 3d 341 (Fla. 5th DCA 2012)…dant makes a “clear and unequivocal” statement that he wishes to discharge appointed counsel, the discharge request is based on a claim of incompetence, and the alleged ineffectiveness arises from counsel’s current representation. Blanding v. State, 939 So. 2d 173, 175 (Fla. 1st DCA 2006). Here, Mr. Laramee’s requests satisfied each prong of the Blanding test.4 The trial court should have conducted a full Nelson hearing.5 Mr. Laramee next argues that the trial court erred in failing to conduct a Faretta hear…
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Gonzales v. State, 993 So. 2d 55 (Fla. 5th DCA 2008)…re is reasonable cause to support the allegation.... Where incompetency of counsel is not the stated basis for the defendant’s motion to discharge, the trial court is not required to conduct a full inquiry as set out in Nelson.”); Blanding v. State, 939 So. 2d 173, 175 (Fla. 1st DCA 2006) (same). Gonzales next argues that the court should have granted his motion to discharge his second attorney because of the “conflict” between Gonzales and this lawyer created by counsel’s refusal to follow Gonzales’ instruc…
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Jabez Boaz v. State, 135 So. 3d 506 (Fla. 5th DCA 2014)…scharge appointed counsel, the discharge request is based on a claim of incompetence, and the alleged ineffectiveness arises from counsel’s current representation.” Laramee v. State, 90 So. 3d 341, 344 (Fla. 5th DCA 2012) (quoting Blanding v. State, 939 So. 2d 173, 175 (Fla. 1st DCA 2006)). The parties dispute only whether Boaz’s letter alleged his trial counsel’s incompetence.2 Generally, a trial court does not need to conduct a Nelson hearing when a defendant expresses only general dissatisfaction with cou…
Previewing 3 of 4 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Nelson v. State, 274 So. 2d 256 (Fla. 4th DCA 1973)
- Logan v. State, 846 So. 2d 472 (Fla. 2003)
- Hardwick v. State, 521 So. 2d 1071 (Fla. 1988)
- Morrison v. State, 818 So. 2d 432 (Fla. 2002)
- Smelley v. State, 486 So. 2d 669 (Fla. 1st DCA 1986)
- Denson v. State, 689 So. 2d 1274 (Fla. 5th DCA 1997)