ROGER CARL MOLINE, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE

Fla. 1st DCA | 2006-03-03
No. 1D05-2815
BENTON, J., concurs, WOLF, J., concurs with opinion, and KAHN, CJ., dissents with opinion.
983 So. 2d 1 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (2006) Negative Treatment
Cited by 2 cases

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Synopsis

Roger Moline appealed the trial court's summary denial of his Rule 3.850 motion challenging his departure sentence as unconstitutional under Apprendi and Blakely. The First District Court of Appeal reversed, holding that because Moline stated a facially sufficient constitutional claim and his direct appeal was not final until after Blakely was decided, he was entitled to an evidentiary hearing on whether his departure sentence violated the Sixth Amendment.


Holding

The court reversed the summary denial of Moline's motion because he stated a facially sufficient constitutional claim. The court held that Apprendi and Blakely apply to Moline's resentencing because his direct appeal was not final until after Blakely was decided. The court remanded for the trial court to conduct an evidentiary hearing or refute the claim with record attachments.


Headnotes

[1] A motion alleging that a sentence exceeds legal limits and violates the Sixth Amendment states a facially sufficient claim when the reasons for a departure sentence were…

[2] A departure sentence imposed based on the trial court determining a fact by a preponderance of the evidence violates Apprendi and Blakely if the conviction was not final…

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Key Quotes

“a departure sentence imposed pursuant to the trial court determining a fact by merely a preponderance of the evidence violates the holding of Apprendi [v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466, 120 S.Ct. 2348, 147 L.Ed.2d 435 (2000) ], as explained by Blakely [v. Washington, 542 U.S. 296, 124 S.Ct. 2531, 159 L.Ed.2d 403 (2004)]”

Establishes the core constitutional principle that departure sentences require jury findings beyond reasonable doubt, not merely preponderance of evidence

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Facts & Procedural History

Moline was convicted of multiple charges including impersonating a police officer on April 11, 1996. The trial court initially sentenced him, but late…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

The appellant challenges the trial court’s order summarily denying his motion which alleged that his sentence exceeds the limits provided by law and the Sixth Amendment filed pursuant to Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.850. Because the appellant stated a facially sufficient claim, we reverse.

On April 11, 1996, the appellant was convicted of multiple charges, including impersonating a police officer. The trial court vacated his initial sentence for this count pursuant to a postconviction motion and resentenced him to a departure sentence of thirty years’ imprisonment, which this court per curiam affirmed and the mandate issued on July 27, 2004. Moline v. State, 876 So. 2d 564 (Fla. 1st DCA 2004) (unpublished table opinion).

The appellant argues that his upward departure sentence was imposed in violation of the constitution because the reasons therefor were not presented to the jury and proven beyond a reasonable doubt. As explained in Isaac v. State, 911 So. 2d 813, 815 (Fla. 1st DCA 2005), “a departure sentence imposed pursuant to the trial court determining a fact by merely a preponderance of the evidence violates the holding of Apprendi [v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466, 120 S.Ct. 2348, 147 L.Ed.2d 435 (2000) ], as explained by Blakely [v. Washington, 542 U.S. 296, 124 S.Ct. 2531, 159 L.Ed.2d 403 (2004)].” “nce the court has determined that the sentence was indeed illegal and the prisoner is entitled to a modification of the original sentence or the imposition of a new sentence, the full panoply of due process considerations attach.” State v. Scott, 439 So. 2d 219, 220 (Fla.1983).

Thus, the constitutional limitations announced in Apprendi and explained in Blakely prior to the finality of the appellant’s resentencing apply to his cause. See Scott, 439 So. 2d at 220. But see Garcia v. State, 914 So. 2d 29 (Fla. 4th DCA 2005)(certifying conflict with Isaac v. State, 911 So. 2d 813 (Fla. 1st DCA 2005), and holding that Blakely does not apply to an appellant’s November 2000 Heggs v. State, 759 So. 2d 620 (Fla.2000) resentencing because his conviction became final in October 1998 when mandate issued); Thomas v. State, 914 So. 2d 27 (Fla. 4th DCA 2005)(holding Blakely did not apply to the appellant’s 2003 resentencing because his sentence became final post-Apprendi and pre-Blakely, Blakely is not retroactive, and certifying conflict with Isaac); Galindez v. State, 910 So. 2d 284 (Fla. 3d DCA 2005)(holding Apprendi did not apply to convictions rendered prior to its issuance notwithstanding future resentencing proceedings post-Blakely and certifying conflict with Isaac).

To the extent Thomas, Galindez, and Garcia suggest that Blakely and Apprendi do not apply to resentencing proceedings, we certify conflict. To the extent the Third and Fourth Districts disagree with this court about the effective date of Blakely, this issue is irrelevant here as the appellant’s direct appeal was not final until post-Blakely. See Griffith v. Kentucky, 479 U.S. 314; 107 S.Ct. 708, 93 L.Ed.2d 649 (1987)(holding newly declared constitutional rules must be applied to criminal cases pending direct review); see also Smith v. State, 598 So. 2d 1063, 1066 (Fla.l992)(holding opinions announced by the highest court apply to those cases not yet final at the time the law changed).

We, therefore, reverse the summary denial of the appellant’s motion and remand to the trial court to conduct an evidentiary hearing or to refute the appellant’s claim with record attachments.

REVERSED AND REMANDED.

BENTON, J., concurs, WOLF, J., concurs with opinion, and KAHN, CJ., dissents with opinion.

Dissent
KAHN, C.J.,

KAHN, C.J.,

Dissenting.

I would affirm the trial court’s denial of the rule 3.850 motion in this case for the reasons expressed in my dissent in Isaac v. State, 911 So. 2d 813, 815-16 (Fla. 1st DCA 2005)(Kahn, J., dissenting). See also Galindez v. State, 910 So. 2d 284 (Fla. 3d DCA 2005) (certifying conflict with Isaac); Thomas v. State, 914 So. 2d 27 (Fla. 4th DCA 2005) (same); Garcia v. State, 914 So. 2d 29 (Fla. 4th DCA 2005) (same); Hamilton v. State, 914 So. 2d 993 (Fla. 4th DCA 2005) (same); Cornet v. State, 915 So. 2d 239 (Fla. 3d DCA 2005) (same).

Concurrence
WOLF, J.,

WOLF, J.,

Concurring.

I agree with the reasoning of Judge Kahn’s dissent, but we are bound by prior precedent of this court.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Moline v. State, 982 So. 2d 1223 (Fla. 1st DCA 2008)
    …PER CURIAM. The Florida Supreme Court quashed our decision in Moline v. State, 983 So. 2d 1, 2006 WL 504028 (Fla. 1st DCA Mar. 3, 2006), in State v. Moline, 976 So. 2d 576 (Fla.2008), and remanded the case to this court for a “thorough review of the record” and application of a harmless error analysis based upon its decision in Galindez v.…

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