STATE OF FLORIDA, DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE, AND ROSE THOMAS, PETITIONERS,
v.
GARY L. CEASAR, JR., RESPONDENT

Fla. 1st DCA | 2016-04-25
No. 1D15-2708
ROBERTS, CJ., MAKAR and OSTERHAUS, JJ., concur.
188 So. 3d 989 Florida District Court of Appeal, First District (2016)

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Holding

The court held that an order compelling genetic testing was improper because paternity was not placed in controversy by proper legal proceedings.


Headnotes

[1] An order compelling genetic testing is improper absent proceedings that place paternity in controversy.

[2] A party seeking to challenge an established paternity order must plead a basis for disestablishment under statutory frameworks, such as fraud, duress, material mistake of…

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Facts & Procedural History

Gary L. Ceasar sought genetic testing to challenge a five-year-old paternity order and child support obligation. The trial court granted his motion fo…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

The Florida Department of Revenue seeks certiorari review of an order directing respondent Gary L. Ceasar and a non-party,. adult child, to submit to genetic testing. Mr. Ceasar did not respond to the show cause orders entered by this court directing him to respond to the Department’s petition. And now, upon consideration of the merits in the absence of a response, we grant the petition and quash the order compelling genetic testing, which shouldn’t have been entered in the absence of proceedings placing paternity in controversy.

Mr. Ceasar' moved for scientific paternity testing below, apparently as a step toward challenging a more than five-year-old paternity order establishing him as the father of a child. The paternity order also set a child support arrearage amount in favor of the child’s grandmother, Rose Thomas. Mr. Ceasar has known about the order for a while,- asserting that thousands of dollars have been garnished from his wages by-the Department (consistent with his $258/month obligation). Mr. Ceasar testified before the hearing officer below that the child'1 could not be his because he was just 12 when the child was born. .

We' have recognized that “no party to any family law proceeding is entitled to an order requiring another party to submit to genetic testing unless the proceedings place paternity ¾ controversy.’” Fla. Dep’t of Revenue ex rel. Corbitt v. Alletag, 156 So.3d 1110, 1112-13 (Fla. 1st DCA 2015); State, Dep’t of Revenue ex rel. Sharif v. Brown, 980 So.2d 590, 591-92 (Fla. 1st DCA 2008); State, Dep’t of Revenue ex rel. Chambers v. Travis, 971 So.2d 157, 162 (Fla. 1st DCA 2007) (citing Fla. R. Civ. P. 1.360). And we have described how to place paternity in controversy in circumstances like this, as recently as in Florida Department of Revenue ex rel. Torres v. Spraggs, — So.3d -, 40 Fla. L. Weekly D2358, 2015 WL 5996757 (Fla. 1st DCA Oct. 15, 2015), stating:

Florida law provides a statutory framework for contesting the establishment of paternity -for a child born out of wedlock and for (disestablishing paternity or terminating child support obligations when the male is not the biological father of the child. The establishment of paternity for a child born out of wedlock “may be challenged in court only on the basis of fraud, duress, or material mistake of fact, with the burden of proof upon *991the challenger.” § 742.10(4), Fla. Stat. (2015). Alternatively, a male may disestablish paternity or terminate a child support obligation when the male is not the biological father of the child, upon meeting specific pleading and proof requirements in circuit court, which include attesting that newly discovered evidence relating to the paternity of the child has come to the petitioner’s knowledge since . the initial paternity determination or establishment of a child support obligation. § 742.18,- Fla. Stat. (2015).

In this case, however, Mr. Ceasar has not pled a basis to disestablish paternity under either § 742.10(4) or § 742.18. And there were no pending paternity proceedings at the time the order was entered below. Instead, Mr. Ceasar filed a bare motion for genetic testing, essentially seeking discovery in a non-existent paternity action. See Travis, 971 So.2d at 161-62.1 Because Mr.. Caesar has not placed- paternity in controversy, the order requiring genetic testing departed from clearly established legal principles.2

For this reason, we GRANT the petition for writ of certiorari and QUASH the trial court’s order compelling genetic testing.

ROBERTS, CJ., MAKAR and OSTERHAUS, JJ., concur.


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