CHARLES J. ANDERSON, APPELLANT,
v.
TOWN OF GROVELAND ET AL., APPELLEES
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Anderson sought an injunction to prevent the Town of Groveland from taking land he claimed to own, which was platted as a street. The trial court dismissed his fourth amended complaint for failure to state a cause of action, but the appellate court reversed, holding that the complaint adequately alleged facts that, if proven, would entitle him to equitable relief.
The complaint states a sufficient cause of action. If Anderson can prove he acquired legal title unencumbered by any offer to dedicate, that he owns the land unencumbered at the time of hearing, and that the municipality is attempting to use it for public purposes without consent, he would be entitled to injunctive relief. The case must proceed to trial on the merits rather than be dismissed on the pleadings.
“The filing of the plat by the original owners of the fee showing streets laid out thereon is an offer to dedicate which offer may be accepted by the affected parties at any time prior to its lawful withdrawal by the owner of the fee.”
Establishes the legal principle that a platted street represents a revocable offer to dedicate, meaning the owner may retain title until formal acceptance.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAnderson alleged he owned a strip of land 60 feet wide and approximately 200 feet long lying between Blocks 125 and 126 in Taylorville, Florida, shown…
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Appellant Charles J. Anderson filed his fourth amended complaint against the Town of Groveland, its Mayor and Councilmen, seeking an injunction restraining the Town and its officials from taking or interfering with certain real estate within the municipality alleged to be owned by the plaintiff.1
A motion was made to dismiss the said complaint on the ground that -it failed to state a cause of action against the defendants or any of them upon which relief could be granted. From a final decree of the trial court sustaining the motion to dismiss and dismissing the cause with prejudice this appeal has been duly prosecuted.
It is obvious from an examination of the final decree of the trial court that his ultimate judgment in dismissing the cause with prejudice was influenced by disclosures at previous hearings on the three prior complaints. Inasmuch as this appeal is prosecuted from the final decree sustaining the motion to dismiss the fourth amended complaint and the assignments of errors relate only to the correctness of that ruling, our consideration of the cause is necessarily confined to a determination of the basic issue of whether the fourth amended complaint stated a cause of action upon which relief could be granted.2 We are not authorized to consider allegations of any of the three former complaints or any other portions of the record which might bear upon the issues except the plat of Taylorville, Florida, which was attached to the third amended complaint and by appropriate reference made a part of the fourth amended complaint.
The complaint itself is a model' of brevity. We think it contains the necessary allegations to justify appropriate relief if the plaintiff is able to support his allegations with sufficient and competent proof. The rules3 provide that a complaint shall be brief and concise and state the ultimate facts but shall be of a sufficient nature to inform defendant of the cause against him. Inherent in the rule is a suggestion of brevity.
The complaint avers that the plaintiff is the owner of certain lands and has been in the actual, exclusive, uninterrupted and hostile possession of said lands-for a period of forty-two years prior to-the filing of the complaint. While the recorded plat shows that the land described as being owned by plaintiff is a street lying between Blocks 125 and 126 and terminates at the waters of a lake, such fact does not preclude the possibility that the plaintiff may be the owner of the property and entitled to possession thereof. The plat contains no formal dedication *571of the streets. The filing of the plat by the original owners of the fee showing streets laid out thereon is an offer to dedicate which offer may be accepted by the affected parties at any time prior to its lawful withdrawal by the owner of the fee. Formal or written acceptance is not necessary nor is a public body ordinarily required to pave the streets to the full or partial width so shown until the necessity therefor arises.4 It has only been in comparatively modern times that paving streets was necessary to their effective use. In the days of horse drawn vehicles or pedestrian or animal travel, there was little need for pavements or improvements such as are required in this era; hence evidence to establish acceptance was necessarily of a different sort. Until the offer of dedication created by the filing of the plat was lawfully withdrawn by the owners, the streets designated thereon remained public streets. The corollary of this, of course, is that the owner who has platted the same may at any time prior to the lawful acceptance of said offer of dedication withdraw the same, in which event the unencumbered fee to the streets so offered to be dedicated would be vested in the owner with full power to sell or dispose of said lands in any lawful manner.5 In this case if the plaintiff can prove, as he has alleged, that he acquired the legal title to said lands unencumbered by the offer to dedicate, that he owns said lands so unencumbered at the time of hearing and that the city was attempting to use said lands for public streets or other public purposes without his consent, he would be entitled to the relief which he seeks.
The trial court was of the view that his final decree dismissing the cause was required by the holding of the Supreme Court in the cases of Indian Rocks Beach South Shore v. Ewell, Fla., 59 So.2d 647, 32 A.L.R.2d 940, and Waterman v. Smith, Fla., 94 So.2d 186. We do not think these cases support the conclusions of the learned chancellor. Both cases were decided upon a factual situation after the evidence of the parties had been submitted to and considered by the court. It may well be that when the facts are disclosed in the instant case it may be disposed of on the authority of the foregoing cases but such cannot be said to be true at the present stage of the proceedings.
As a general proposition, equity will not enjoin a trespass but there are many exceptions to this rule. If it can be shown that the remedy at law is inadequate to give full relief, equity will intervene.6 We think the exception is particularly applicable and equity has a particular field to operate in where attempted trespass by a public or quasi-public corporation vested with the power of eminent domain is involved. Such a corporation may acquire the private lands of individuals for public purposes but in such event it is required to make a sufficient deposit to insure the payment therefor or make actual payment before it takes possession of the landowner’s property. Moreover, the landowner is entitled to have his damages assessed by a jury of twelve men and to receive additional compensation for the payment of his attorneys’ fees and other material costs in the defense thereof. For these reasons it is entirely proper for a court of equity to use its processes to compel such corporations possessing the power of eminent domain to acquire the land in the manner prescribed by law and to enjoin any trespass in the meantime.
We have carefully considered the opinion of this court in Walton v. City of *572Clermont, 109 So.2d 403, relating to a similar matter in the light of the disclosures of this record. That opinion may be of benefit to the trial court in the disposition of this cause on the merits and after the facts have been established either on a trial or appropriate summary methods but, at this point, it is neither controlling nor pertinent to the determination of the question of whether the complaint states a cause of action on which relief can be granted, the sole point here.
This cause is reversed with directions to vacate the decree dismissing the complaint with prejudice, to allow the defendant to plead and for further proceedings in accordance with the rules of the court and the views herein expressed.
ALLEN, C. J., and KANNER, J., concur.
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Hughes v. Town OF Mexico Beach, 455 So. 2d 566 (Fla. 1st DCA 1984)…r. Hollywood v. Zinkil, 283 So. 2d 581 (Fla. 4th DCA 1973), quashed in part on other grounds, 321 So. 2d 65 (Fla.1975), on remand, 403 So. 2d 528 (Fla. 4th DCA 1981). Hence, formal or written acceptance is unnecessary. Anderson v. Town of Groveland, 113 So. 2d 569 (Fla.2d DCA 1959). The acceptance of some of the streets or roads in a platted subdivision is said to constitute an acceptance of the offer to dedicate all of the roads in the subdivision, absent proof of an intention to limit the acceptance. Indian…
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McMILLAN v. Spence H. Pass and Elizabeth A. Pass, 483 So. 2d 459 (Fla. 3d DCA 1986)…PER CURIAM. Affirmed. Waterman v. Smith, 94 So. 2d 186 (Fla.1957); Austin v. Mt. Zion Primitive Baptist Church of West Palm Beach, 165 So. 2d 412 (Fla.2d DCA 1964); Anderson v. Town of Groveland, 113 So. 2d 569 (Fla. 2d DCA 1959).…
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Previewing 3 of 4 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Fogle v. Fogle, 84 So. 2d 317 (Fla. 1956)
- Indian Rocks Beach South Shore v. Ewell, 59 So.2d 647 (Fla. 1952)
- Waterman v. Smith, 94 So. 2d 186 (Fla. 1957)
- Walton v. City OF Clermont, 109 So. 2d 403 (Fla. 2d DCA 1959)
- Redditt v. State, 88 So. 2d 126 (Fla. 1956)