MASSACHUSETTS BONDING & INSURANCE COMPANY, A CORPORATION, APPELLANT,
v.
FARRIS BRYANT, AS GOVERNOR OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA, FOR THE USE AND BENEFIT OF AMERICAN OIL COMPANY, A CORPORATION, APPELLEE
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Massachusetts Bonding & Insurance Company appeals a summary judgment in favor of American Oil Company on a performance bond for unpaid asphalt materials delivered to a road construction contractor. The court affirms, holding that the one-year statute of limitations in Section 255.05(2) was unconstitutional and therefore inapplicable, leaving the twenty-year general contract statute of limitations to govern.
The court affirmed the summary judgment for American Oil, holding that Chapter 59-491 (which added the one-year limitation to Section 255.05) was unconstitutional as it violated Article III, Section 16 of the Florida Constitution requiring that amended statutes be reenacted and published at length. Therefore, the one-year limitation was void, and the twenty-year statute of limitations under Section 95.11(1) applied to this suit on a written contract.
“the bond required by F.S. § 255.05, F.S.A., with respect to public contracts stands parenthetically in the stead of the statutory lien afforded with respect to private contracts”
Explains the purpose of the performance bond requirement—to provide protection similar to mechanic's liens available in private contracts but not available against public property
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAmerican Oil Company supplied asphalt materials to Hall Construction Company for use in a Florida State Road Department construction contract, complet…
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Massachusetts Bonding & Insurance Company, defendant below, appeals from a summary judgment in favor of the use plaintiff, American Oil Company, entered in its suit on a performance bond of the defendant-surety to recover the unpaid balance due by the contractor-principal on account of asphalt sold and delivered by the use plaintiff to the contractor and used in the performance of its road construction contract with the Florida State Road Department.
Defendant’s answer denied the material allegations of the complaint and affirmatively pleaded Section 255.05(2), Florida Statutes 1961, F.S.A., in bar of the action. The facts were stipulated, as follows:
(1) The suit was filed on July 2, 1962.
(2) The use plaintiff completed delivery to Hall Construction Company on June 20, 1961, of all materials referred to in the complaint.
(3) There is owing to plaintiff $22,794.60 from Hall Construction Company for said materials.
(4) That if the use plaintiff’s action is controlled by F.S. § 255.05, F.S.A., then said action is barred and the use plaintiff is not entitled to recover.
(5) That if plaintiff’s action is controlled by F.S. § 337.18, F.S.A., then the use plaintiff is entitled to recover.
(6) That this stipulation is in lieu of answers to interrogatories and will control as between the facts contained in a certain affidavit filed by plaintiff.
Both parties moved for summary judgment and the court entered summary final judgment for the use plaintiff. The judgment recites, inter alia, “that the use-plaintiff’s cause of action is controlled by Section 337.18, Florida Statutes [F.S.A.], and not Section 255.05, Florida Statutes [F.S. A.], and, hence, is not barred.”
The sole point for determination is whether the use plaintiff was required to bring suit on the bond within one year, else *90stand barred by the provisions of paragraph (2) of Section 255.05, Florida Statutes 1961, F.S.A.1
Paragraph (2) of F.S. § 255.05, F.S.A., is adapted from ch. 59-491, Laws of Florida, Acts of 1959, which purported to amend F.S. § 255.05 F.S.A. (then in substantially the form of present paragraph (1) thereof as enacted by ch. 6867, Laws of Florida, Acts of 1915) by adding said paragraph (2) as it has appeared in the Florida Statutes of 1961 and 1963. The proposed amendment was obviously patterned after the Miller Act, 49 Stat. 793, 40 U.S.C.A. § 270a, with the intent of placing laborers, mechanics, and materialmen serving public contracts in a position of protection somewhat analogous to that afforded such persons in the performance of private contracts. The latter, under our Mechanic’s Lien Law, have a.lien enforceable against the property involved, but no such lien is afforded against public property and the bond required by F.S. § 255.05, F.S.A., with respect to public contracts stands parenthetically in the stead of the statutory lien afforded with respect to private contracts. It is seen that controverted paragraph (2) of F.S. § 255.05, F.S. A., if operative, would place the limitation of time in which to commence an action upon the bond — “one year from the performance of the labor or completion of delivery of the materials and supplies” — on a parity with the limitation of time under the Mechanic’s Lien Law in which to commence an action on the lien afforded thereby.
While not dispositive of this appeal, it is interesting to note that in Troup Brothers, Inc. v. State, 135 So.2d 755 (Fla.App.1961), the Second District Court of Appeal, when passing on the question of whether the plaintiff was a materialman of a subcontractor, or a materialman of a materialman, held that the public works construction *91bond there involved was given under both Sections 255.05 and 337.18, Florida Statutes, F.S.A., and in discussing the problem, said:
“In the instant case we are controlled by Chap. 255, F.S.A., but have referred to Chap. 84, F.S.A., for a definition of 'materialman.’ Therefore, the following language of the Supreme Court in Goldstein, supra [Goldstein v. Acme Concrete Corp., 103 So.2d 202], appearing at p. 204 of 103 So.2d is noteworthy :
“ ‘The mechanics’ lien statutes are, of course, not decisive of this question by any means, but in both the mechanics’ lien statutes (F.S. ch. 84, F.S.A.) and the Workmen’s Compensation Act (Ch. 440) the lawmakers use similar phrasing in dealing with construction projects. We may assume that in both chapters they intended certain exact words' or exact phrases to mean the same thing. In a broad sense the chapters are in pari materia and should, to the extent that an understanding of one may aid in the interpretation of the other, be read and considered together.’
“In the instant case, the pari materia relationship is much closer for § 255.05, F.S.A., provides for the enforcement of liens in work performed for the sovereign of the same type that Chap. 84, F.S.A., provides for enforcement of against private persons. Since § 255.05, F.S.A., contains no definition of ‘mate-rialman’ we deem controlling the one contained in § 84.01, F.S.A.”
We find nothing in the first paragraph of F.S. § 255.05, F.S.A., to suggest that the State Road Department is excepted from its operation, and Section 337.18, Florida Statutes, F.S.A., does not conflict therewith or raise any question of repeal or partial repeal thereof by implication.
The trial court, in holding “that the use-plaintiff’s cause of action is controlled by Section 337.18, Florida Statutes [F.S.A.], and not Section 255.05, Florida Statutes [F.S.A.], and hence, is not barred,” adopted an erroneous basis for entering the judgment appealed. However, the trial court’s conclusion is proper because ch. 59-491, Laws of Florida, Acts of 1959 (purporting to amend Section 255.05, Florida Statutes, F.S.A., by adding the second paragraph as it appears in Florida Statutes, 1961 and 1963) has been struck down as unconstitutional (Auto Owners Ins. Co. v. Hillsborough County Aviation Authority, 153 So. 2d 722 [Fla.1963]), with the result that the twenty-year statute of limitation (Section 95.11(1), Florida Statutes, F.S.A.) is applicable to this suit upon a written contract under seal. It is well established that the judgments and decrees of trial courts should not be reversed where the conclusion is correct though founded on an erroneous reason. Tri-County Produce Distributors, Inc. v. Northeast Production Credit Ass’n, 160 So.2d 46 (Fla.App.1963).
We are not unmindful that by paragraphs 4 and 5 of the stipulation filed in the trial court the parties undertook to reduce the issues to the proposition (a) that if the use plaintiff’s action was controlled by F.S. § 255.05, F.S.A., it is barred and plaintiff would not be entitled to recover, while (b) if controlled by F.S. § 337.18, F.S.A., the use plaintiff would be entitled to recover. These stipulations are not binding on the court because to give effect thereto would require the critical issue of accountability to be settled upon the false premise that the period of limitation in which to commence the action was governed by one of said sections of the statutes, the determination of which is exclusively a question of law and therefore not subject to control by stipulation of the parties.
In Auto Owners Ins. Co. v. Hillsborough County Aviation Authority, supra, the Flor *92ida Supreme Court in an opinion by Thornal J., affirmed a summary judgment that was entered by the trial court consequent upon its holding that ch. 59-491, supra, purporting to amend Section 255.05, Florida Statutes, F.S.A., was unconstitutional because in violation of Article III, Sec. 16, Florida Constitution, F.S.A., providing:
“Section 16. Each law enacted in the Legislature shall embrace but one subject and matter properly connected therewith, which subject shall be briefly expressed in the title, and no law shall be amended or revised (by reference) to its title only; but in such case the act as revised or section, or subsection of a section, or paragraph of a subsection of a section, as amended, shall be reenacted and published at length.”
The infirmity of ch. 59-491 was in the failure of the legislature to reenact and publish at length therein Section 255.05, Florida Statutes 1959, F.S.A., as sought to be amended thereby.
To the same effect see Lipe v. City of Miami, 141 So.2d 738 (Fla.1962), in which Roberts, J., speaking for the Florida Supreme Court, marked the distinction between the constitutional requirement that the subject of each law enacted shall be “briefly expressed in the title,” with which we are not concerned on this appeal, and the further requirement, which is here involved, that “no law shall be amended or revised by reference to its title only; but in such case the act as revised or section, or subsection of a section, or paragraph of a subsection of a section, as amended, shall be reenacted and published at length”; and in the light of authorities cited held that the latter requirement must be strictly complied with.
We have carefully considered appellant’s argument and citation of authorities to the effect that a provision of the character here involved is cured by inclusion in the general reenactment of the Florida Statutes under ch. 61-1, Laws of Florida 1961. That contention must be rejected. While certain defects, such as defects in titles, errors of spelling and punctuation, obvious misprints, and the like, may be remedied by the biennial act revising the Florida Statutes, this type of legislation cannot be used as a device by which to create new statutory law, vary the existing law, or cure any unconstitutionality of content as previously determined by the judicial branch of government. In State ex rel. Badgett v. Lee, 156 Fla. 291, 22 So.2d 804 (1945), the Florida Supreme Court laid down the rule that defective titles of the enacting statutes are remedied by including the statute in a later general reenactment of the laws, but went on to say:
“What we have said relates only to the invalidity of acts because of deficient titles. Incorporation in a general revision of the statutes would not cure a particular act of any unconstitutionality of content.”
We have noted the fact that ch. 63-437, Laws of Florida, Acts of 1963, filed in the office of the Secretary of State on June 13, 1963, purports to amend Section 255.05, Florida Statutes, F.S.A., by adding paragraph (2) in the identical language of ch. 59-491, supra, which was held unconstitutional. It- is elemental, of course, that this decision does not purport to construe the validity or effect of ch. 63-437. It is seen from the stipulation of the parties and the applicable law that at the time plaintiff furnished the subject materials to Hall Construction Company and at. the time it commenced this suit there was not in effect a statute of limitations as insisted upon by appellant.
Accordingly, the judgment appealed must be and it is
Affirmed.
WIGGINTON and CARROLL, DONALD K., JJ., concur.
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The Bd. OF Pub. Instruction OF Sarasota Cnty. v. The Fid. & Cas. Co. OF NEW York, 184 So. 2d 491 (Fla. 2d DCA 1966)…the materials to Patrick and at the time it commenced its suit the second paragraph of the statute containing the notice requirement was of no force and effect. Massachusetts Bonding & Insurance Co. v. Bryant for Use and Benefit of American Oil Co., 175 So. 2d 88 (Fla.App.1965); W. F. Thompson Construction Co. v. Southeastern Palm Beach County Hospital District for the Use and Benefit of Miami Tile & Terrazzo, Inc., 174 So. 2d 410 (D.C.A.Fla.1965). The provisions of defendant’s performance bond merely oblig…
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Horvath v. Five Points Nat'l Bank OF Miami, 182 So. 2d 22 (Fla. 3d DCA 1966)…ounty Produce Distributors, Inc. v. Northeast Production Credit Association, Fla.App.1963, 160 So. 2d 46; Oper v. Air Control Products, Inc. of Miami, Fla.App. 1965, 174 So. 2d 561; Massachusetts Bonding & Insurance Company v. Bryant, Fla. App.1965, 175 So. 2d 88. We find that the chancellor was correct in dissolving the injunction, not because of the provisions of § 91 of 12 U.S.C., but because of the failure of the complaint to state a cause of action in that the plaintiffs failed to tender into the regist…
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Clark v. Munroe, 407 So. 2d 1036 (Fla. 1st DCA 1981)…interpret the above rule as authorizing the trial court to accept such a stipulation where the record reveals disputed issues of material facts. The parties cannot by stipulation control questions of law. Massachusetts Bonding & Ins. Co. v. Bryant, 175 So. 2d 88 (Fla. 1st DCA 1965), affd., 189 So. 2d 614 (Fla.1966). Moreover, “[c]ourts will not give effect to a stipulation where it conflicts with established principles of procedure.” (e.s.) See 2 Fla.Jur.2d, Agreed Case and Stipulation, § 10, p. 428 (1977);…
Previewing 3 of 11 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Goldstein v. Acme Concrete Corp., 103 So. 2d 202 (Fla. 1958)
- Auto Owners Ins. Co. v. Hillsborough Cnty. Aviation Auth., 153 So. 2d 722 (Fla. 1963)
- Lipe v. City OF Miami, 141 So. 2d 738 (Fla. 1962)
- State v. LEE, 156 Fla. 291 (Fla. 1945)
- State v. LEE, 156 Fla. 291 (Fla. 1945)
- Tri-County Produce Distribs., Inc. v. Ne. Prod. Credit Ass'n, 160 So. 2d 46 (Fla. 1st DCA 1963)
- Troup Bros., Inc. v. State of Fla. for the Use & Benefit of Meadows S. Constr. Co., Inc., 135 So. 2d 755 (Fla. 2d DCA 1961)