GERTRUDE R. HEALEY, FORMERLY KNOWN AS GERTRUDE TOOLAN, APPELLANT,
v.
JAMES TOOLAN, APPELLEE
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Former wife sought to garnish former husband's wages to enforce a support agreement entered into before their divorce. The trial court discharged the writ of garnishment, finding that the former husband's wages were exempt as head of household under Florida law, and the court affirmed because the support agreement was contractual rather than part of a divorce or alimony order.
The court affirmed that appellee's wages are exempt from garnishment. While Florida law permits garnishment of wages to enforce court orders for alimony, suit money, or support in divorce or alimony actions, the exemption applies because this was purely a contractual action, not an action for divorce or alimony, and the fact that the contractual obligation arose from a child support obligation does not convert the judgment into a court order for support.
“appellee's wages would be exempt from garnishment by virtue of F.S.1967, Section 222.11, F.S.A., unless the exception provided by F.S.1967, Section 61.12, F.S.A., would apply.”
Establishes that while wages of a head of household are generally exempt, there is a statutory exception for certain judgments.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAppellant and appellee entered into a support agreement on June 2, 1961, wherein appellee agreed to pay sums for support, education, and maintenance o…
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This appeal brings for review an order of the trial court dissolving a writ of garnishment. The question to be decided is whether on the undisputed facts of this case F.S.1967, Section 61.12, F.S.A.,1 permits garnishing the wages of the head of a household to satisfy a judgment based upon a contractual obligation to pay child support.
Appellant was the wife of appellee when the parties entered into an agreement dated June 2, 1961, wherein the appellee husband agreed to pay certain sums to the wife for the “support, education and maintenance” of the minor children of the marriage. Six weeks later appellant wife obtained a divorce in the State of Alabama. The final decree of divorce dated July 18, 1961, made no reference to the support agreement nor did the decree contain any provision for the support of the children.
In January, 1967, the former wife filed in the Court of Record of Broward County *56an action at law against the former husband, alleging that he was in arrears under the support agreement. In due course the former wife obtained a judgment in the amount of $2,460.00. She then filed a motion for writ of garnishment and the writ was issued directed to the former husband’s employer. The former husband (appellee) filed a motion to discharge the writ on the grounds that he was the head of a family residing in this state and that his wages were exempt from garnishment under the provisions of F.S.1967, Section 222.11, F. S.A.2 The court entered its order discharging the writ, finding that the former husband was entitled to the exemption and that the appellant’s judgment was not within the purview of the exception provided by F.S.1967, Section 61.12, F.S.A.
We affirm the order dissolving the writ of garnishment. Although the record does not disclose whether appellee is the head of a family residing in this state, this fact was apparently conceded in the court below and is neither questioned in this court nor does the record affirmatively show the fact to be otherwise. Assuming this fact, appellee’s wages would be exempt from garnishment by virtue of F.S.1967, Section 222.11, F.S.A., unless the exception provided by F.S.1967, Section 61.12, F.S.A., would apply. However, both by its expressed wording and by judicial construction,3 that statute applies only “to enforce the orders of the courts of this state for alimony, suit money or support, or other orders in actions for divorce or alimony.” This was not an action for divorce or alimony. It was purely and simply an ex contractu action at law whereby one party to a contractual obligation sought a money judgment against the other for a breach of the contract. The fact that the contractual obligation arose through the former husband’s recognition of his legal obligation for child support is not enough to convert the judgment into an order of a court of this state for support in an action “for divorce or alimony.” 4
Affirmed.
REED, J., concurs.
WHITE, JOS. S., Associate Judge, concurs specially, with opinion.
(concurring specially).
I agree to the affirmance solely because the wife did not proceed under the provisions of F.S.1967, Section 61.12, F.S.A., by first obtaining an order of court authorizing the issuance of the writ of garnishment. On the contrary, she obtained the writ from the clerk as provided for writs of garnishment “after judgment”. Such was the case in Noyes v. Cooper, supra. Had the wife proceeded as directed by Section 61.12, by obtaining, first, an order for the writ, the result may have been different. See Reynolds v. Reynolds, supra. Howell v. Howell, supra, has no application to the question now before the court, since it does not concern garnishment.
WHITE, JOS. S., Associate Judge
(concurring specially).
I agree to the affirmance solely because the wife did not proceed under the provisions of F.S.1967, Section 61.12, F.S.A., by first obtaining an order of court authorizing the issuance of the writ of garnishment. On the contrary, she obtained the writ from the clerk as provided for writs of garnishment “after judgment”. Such was the case in Noyes v. Cooper, supra. Had the wife proceeded as directed by Section 61.12, by obtaining, first, an order for the writ, the result may have been different. See Reynolds v. Reynolds, supra. Howell v. Howell, supra, has no application to the question now before the court, since it does not concern garnishment.
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Hall v. AIR Force Fin. Ctr., 344 So. 2d 1340 (Fla. 1st DCA 1977)…4; Rev.Gen.St.1920, § 3200; Comp.Gen.Laws 1927, § 4992. . As a caveat, it would be advisable for the applicant to apply to the trial judge first for an order authorizing the writ rather than seeking it directly from the clerk. Cf., Healy v. Toolan, 227 So. 2d 55, 56 (Fla. 4th DCA 1969) (Concurring opinion, White, Assoc. J.). . For example, § 65.05, pertaining to “Effect of decree of divorce upon children,” was changed to “Effect of judgment of divorce on children.” For similar changes compare § 65.08 to §…
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Busot v. Florencio Otto Busot, 354 So. 2d 1255 (Fla. 2d DCA 1978)…f the contract which the appellee had breached. The appellee, therefore, stands as any other judgment debtor; as the head of a household his wages cannot be garnished by a judgment creditor. Section 222.11, Florida Statutes (1975). Healey v. Toolan, 227 So. 2d 55 (Fla. 4th DCA 1969). The final judgment of March 7, 1977, for $5,850 may stand in a different light. Appellant argues that in the reinstated judgment of July 17, 1975, the court adopted and ratified the agreement between the parties and ordered the…
Authorities Cited
- Howell v. Howell, 207 So. 2d 507 (Fla. 2d DCA 1968)
- Reynolds v. Cassie C. Reynolds, 113 Fla. 361 (Fla. 1933)
- Tamora G. Noyes v. Cooper, 216 So. 2d 799 (Fla. 3d DCA 1968)