WILLIAM ESTES, ALIAS "LURCH", APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE
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A trial court's failure to ascertain the factual basis for a guilty plea is not reversible error when the plea was the result of plea bargaining and the defendant does not contend that there was no factual basis for the plea.
[1] A trial court's failure to ascertain the factual basis for a guilty plea is inapplicable when the plea is the result of plea bargaining.
[2] The requirement for a trial judge to ascertain the factual basis of a guilty plea does not apply when the record shows the defendant was represented by counsel and the pl…
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAppellant pleaded guilty as part of a plea bargain. The trial court did not ascertain the factual basis for the plea as required by Rule 3.170(j).…
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SPECTOR, Acting Chief Judge.
The judgment of conviction sought to be reversed herein is the product of plea bargaining and was obviously negotiated as reflected in the circumstances of the record on appeal and the briefs herein. Accordingly, appellant’s contention that the conviction must be reversed because the trial court failed to ascertain the existence of a factual basis for the plea of guilty as required by newly adopted Rule 3.170(j), Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure, 33 F.S.A., is untenable since the factual basis clause in that rule is inapplicable in cases where the guilty plea is the result of plea bargaining. See this court’s opinion in Kelly v. State, 254 So. 2d 22 (1971), wherein we stated at page 24 the following:
“There is yet another reason reflected in the record because of which the trial court properly accepted the guilty plea. The decision in Boykin recognized the strategic aspect of a guilty plea, stating at 395 U.S. 238, 240, 89 S. Ct. 1709, 1710, 23 L.Ed.2d 277:
‘Trial strategy* may of course make a plea of guilty seem the desirable course. But 'the record is wholly silent on that point and throws no light on it.’
“The record in the case sub judice is not by any means silent on the defense strategy of tendering a guilty plea. It is quite obvious that the plea was tendered in order to procure the dismissal of the. other two cases against appellant. In recognition of the quoted excerpt from Boykin, we hold that the requirements that extensive inquiries be made by the trial judge before accepting the plea are inapplicable where the record shows that the defendant was represented by counsel and that the guilty plea was the product of plea-bargaining arrangements between the State and the defendant. We implied’ as much in Wilson v. Wainwright, Fla.App., 248 So. 2d 249. Our sister court so held in Johnson v. State, Fla.App., 248 So. 2d 225.” (Emphasis supplied.)
While we recognize that Rule 3.-170(j) of the Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure was fashioned after Federal Criminal Procedure Rule 11 which was construed by the United States Supreme Court in McCarthy v. United States, 394 U.S. 459, 89 S.Ct. 1166, 22 L.Ed.2d 418, to require the trial judge to ascertain the factual basis of a plea before accepting the same, it is our view that insofar as the failure to ascertain the factual basis for a negotiated guilty plea in a state prosecution may constitute error, such error may be harmless error and, if so, cannot serve as the basis for reversal.
Section 924.33, Florida Statutes, F.S.A., provides:
“No judgment shall be reversed unless the appellate court is of the opinion, after an examination of all the appeal papers, that error was committed that injuriously affected the substantial rights of the appellant. It shall not be presumed that error injuriously affected the substantial rights of the appellant.”
Application of the harmless error doctrine as established in the decisional law of this state as well as the above cited statute precludes reversal in absence of even a contention by appellant that the error of which he complains “injuriously affected” his rights. Appellant does not say or contend that indeed there was no factual basis for his guilty plea. He does not say or contend that he was mistaken in his belief that his conduct amounted to the commission of the crime charged and to which he pleaded guilty.
The “factual basis” clause in the subject rule has as its salutory basis the prevention of a defendant being convicted of a crime that he did not commit because he erroneously concluded that he was guilty. See McCarthy v. United States, supra. It is not difficult to imagine an accused standing before the bar of justice accused of a crime he thinks he committed but really did not. Had the requirement of the. rule been carried out by the trial judge prior to accepting appellant’s plea of guilty to the charge of selling drugs, the judge would have inquired as to the circumstances surrounding the incident giving rise to the criminal charge against the appellant. Had such inquiry been made, the trial judge may have learned that the conduct ascribed to appellant did not amount to the commission of the crime charged. Appellant, in fact, might have been selling hot dogs on the street corner instead of drugs and the trial judge would have found that out had he only made inquiry as to the factual basis for appellant’s guilty plea. It is to prevent such a miscarriage of justice that the rule seeks to effect. The reason noncompliance with the rule in the case sub judice is not reversible error is because this appellant does not now contend that in fact and in truth there was no factual basis for his plea — he does not now contend that he was selling hot dogs on the street corner instead of drugs. In other words, in this appeal he has failed to demonstrate how he has been prejudiced by the trial court’s failure to make inquiry as to the factual basis for the plea. In absence of prejudicial error, it is my understanding that we must affirm.
BOYER and McCORD, JJ., concur.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Cited By (28 total)
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Salvatore v. State, 366 So. 2d 745 (Fla. 1978)…particularly the allegation by the appellant that the erased tapes would have been beneficial to him and that destruction thereof resulted in prejudice. (See Treverrow v. State, Sup.Ct.Fla.1967, 194 So. 2d 250 and Estes v. State, Fla.App. 1st, 1974, 294 So. 2d 122.) In other words, the mere fact that a tape recording which might have been used in evidence was inadvertently destroyed does not ipso fac-to lead to reversal. On the contrary, it must be demonstrated that the destroyed evidence was material and tha…
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State v. Lyles, 316 So. 2d 277 (Fla. 1975)…RTON, Justice. This cause is before us on petition for writ of certiorari to review the decision of the First District Court of Appeal reported at 299 So. 2d 146 (Fla.App. 1st 1974). The decision sought to be reviewed conflicts with Estes v. State, 294 So. 2d 122 (Fla.App. 1st 1974); Hall v. State, 303 So. 2d 417 (Fla.App. 2d 1974); and Williams v. State, 316 So. 2d 303 (Fla.App.2d 1974). We have jurisdiction under Article V, Section 3(b)(3), Florida Constitution. At issue is the failure of the trial court…
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Mower v. State, 308 So. 2d 586 (Fla. 1st DCA 1975)…mpulsory self-incrimination and right to be confronted by his accusers prior to accepting a bargained plea. (See Kelly v. State, Fla.App. 1st 1971, 254 So. 2d 22; Sumner v. State, Fla.App. 1st 1974, 289 So. 2d 434; Estes v. State, Fla.App. 1st 1974, 294 So. 2d 122; Lyles v. State, Fla.App. 1st 1974, 299 So. 2d 146; and Boykin v. Alabama, 395 U.S. 238, 89 S.Ct. 1709, 23 L.Ed.2d 274) The facts sub judice are remarkably similar to those in Kelly v. State, supra. Appellant, defendant below, was charged in a two…
Previewing 3 of 28 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Boykin v. Alabama, 395 U.S. 238 (U.S. 1969)
- McCARTHY v. United States, 394 U.S. 459 (U.S. 1969)
- Williams v. State, 254 So. 2d 22 (Fla. 3d DCA 1971)
- Linton Edward Wilson v. Louie L. Wainwright, 248 So. 2d 249 (Fla. 1st DCA 1971)
- Johnson v. State, 248 So. 2d 225 (Fla. 2d DCA 1971)