BETTER CONSTRUCTION, INC., A FLORIDA CORPORATION, APPELLANT,
v.
CAMACHO ENTERPRISES, INC., A FLORIDA CORPORATION, APPELLEE

Fla. 3d DCA | 1975-04-29
No. 75-3
Before BARKDULL, C. J., HENDRY, J., and CHARLES CARROLL (Ret.), Associate Judge.
311 So. 2d 766 Florida District Court of Appeal, Third District (1975) Positive Treatment
Cited by 20 cases

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Synopsis

Better Construction appeals an order granting a new trial in a breach of contract damages case. The court reversed the new trial order, holding that a successor judge cannot review and reverse the final judgment of a predecessor judge on the merits; instead, appellate review is the proper remedy.


Holding

A successor judge may not review and reverse on the merits a final judgment of a predecessor judge. Where the original judge is unavailable to hear a motion for new trial, the proper procedure is to seek appellate review rather than present the matter to a successor judge.


Headnotes

[1] A successor judge cannot correct errors of law committed by a predecessor judge and therefore cannot review and reverse on the merits the final orders and decrees of a pr…

[2] When the judge who rendered a final judgment is unavailable to hear a motion for a new trial or rehearing, the proper procedure is to seek appellate review of the judgmen…

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Key Quotes

“The Court is committed to the general proposition that a successor judge may not correct errors of law committed by his predecessor and hence he cannot review and reverse on the merits and on the same facts the .final orders and decrees of his predecessor.”

Establishes the core holding that successor judges lack authority to review final judgments on the merits

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Facts & Procedural History

The trial court (without a jury) found the plaintiff was entitled to 45% of profits from a joint venture and reserved jurisdiction pending an audit. F…

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Opinion of the Court
PER CURIAM.

PER CURIAM.

This is an appeal from an order granting a new trial, in an action for damages for breach of contract. On the trial, which was without a jury, the court entered a judgment holding the plaintiff was entitled to 45% of the profits from a certain joint venture, and reserving jurisdiction to enter judgment for the amount due following an audit of the records of the joint venture, for which audit the parties stipulated.

Following the audit a final judgment was entered against the defendant for the amount of the damages as determined thereby. The defendant moved for a new trial, challenging the correctness of the amount of the damages awarded because of claimed improper inclusion or exclusion of certain items in the accounting.

The circuit court judge who had tried the cause and entered the final judgment was unavailable to hear the motion for new trial because of his resignation. A successor judge heard the motion and ordered a new trial.

We find error, and reverse the order granting new trial on authority of Smith v. Mobley, 95 Fla. 829, 116 So. 760, and Groover v. Walker, Fla.1956, 88 So. 2d 312.

In Groover the Supreme Court said:

* * * “ The Court is committed to the general proposition that a successor judge may not correct errors of law committed by his predecessor and hence he cannot review and reverse on the merits and on the same facts the .final orders and decrees of his predecessor.”

Further in Gro-over, as in Smith v. Mobley, supra, the Couft stated that where the judge rendering a final judgment is not available to hear a motion for new trial or for rehearing, a hearing and ruling thereon by another or successor judge is not appropriate, but rather the proper procedure is to seek an appellate review of the judgment.

The appellee argues that the above stated rule is not applicable here, contending that the successor judge had jurisdiction to correct a mistake, and that the new trial was ordered because of mistake. That argument is without merit with respect to the instant case. This is so because the “mistake” claimed by appellee to be involved here was an incorrect accounting, a matter going to the merits determined by the final judgment.

In that connection, in Groover, commenting on the circumstances in Smith v. Mob-ley, supra, which were similar to those in the instant case, the Supreme Court said:

* * * “In Smith v. Mobley, 95 Fla. 829, 116 So. 760, a case involving the reversal of a final decree earlier entered by a circuit judge of another circuit sitting as a visiting circuit judge, this Court held that while rehearings are authorized in chancery causes, when parties are aggrieved by a decree an appeal should be taken rather than application made to another circuit judge, where no matters are presented that should be adjudicated by a circuit judge. The petition for rehearing upon which the decree was reversed by the resident circuit judge alleged that certain items were not allowed in the final decree of accounting, although they were ‘proved by undisputed testimony.’ Thus the petition for rehearing did no more than take is sue with the Court on the correctness of its finding and decision in its final decree. The case is authority for the rule that such is not a proper matter to be presented to another circuit judge but is a matter properly reviewable by appeal. The rule would appear to be otherwise with respect to interlocutory orders or decrees.” * * *

The final judgment in this case, which necessarily was set aside by the order granting a new trial, will become reinstated, effective on the date of the filing in the circuit court of our mandate on this appeal, and such judgment, as reinstated, would be subject to appellate review.

For the reason stated, the order granting a new trial is reversed, and the final judgment reinstated.

It is so ordered.


Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By

  • W.R. Grace & Company-Conn. v. Pyke, 661 So. 2d 1301 (Fla. 3d DCA 1995)
    …efendants’ post-trial motions due to his death, and the power of the successor judge to grant relief was limited. Groover v. Walker, 88 So. 2d 312 (Fla. 1956); Smith v. Mobley, 95 Fla. 829, 116 So. 760 (1928); Better Constr., Inc. v. Camacho Enter., 311 So. 2d 766 (Fla. 3d DCA 1975). Therefore, the award for future loss of earning capacity is now reversed with directions to enter a directed verdict for defendants. In all other respects the final judgment and post-trial orders are affirmed. Affirmed in part;…
  • …8) (emphasis added). See also Groover v. Walker, 88 So. 2d 312 (Fla.1956); Paragon Group, Inc. v. Hoeksema, 475 So. 2d 244 (Fla. 2d DCA 1985); Doane v. Rapp, 453 So. 2d 1197 (Fla. 3d DCA 1984); Better Construction, Inc. v. Camacho Enterprises, Inc., 311 So. 2d 766 (Fla. 3d DCA 1975). Therefore, in some circumstances an order may become "final” in some respects notwithstanding the timely filing of a motion for rehearing. . There is some disagreement on whether a denial of a motion to dismiss for lack of prose…
  • …t 314-315. Thus, for example, a successor judge may not grant a new trial on the grounds that his predecessor incorrectly determined the amount of damages; defendant must seek appellate review. Better Construction, Inc. v. Camacho Enterprises, Inc., 311 So. 2d 766 (Fla. 3d DCA 1975). Appellee attempts to characterize Judge Vann’s October 5 dismissal as “interlocutory” because it does not state that the plaintiff “takes nothing” and defendant “go hence without day.” A dismissal of a cause of action is a final…

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