TAMPA TRANSIT LINES, INC.
v.
CORBIN ET AL.
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The Florida Supreme Court reversed a jury verdict awarding damages for personal injuries, finding that the trial court erred in instructing the jury on the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur without proper procedure and that the evidence did not support its application.
The trial court committed reversible error by giving a jury instruction on the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur without following procedural rules and because the evidence presented a direct conflict on the specific acts of negligence, making the doctrine inapplicable.
A bus passenger, Edna Lee Corbin, sued Tampa Transit Lines for personal injuries, alleging the bus driver negligently drove the bus off the road into …
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MATHEWS, Justice.
This is an appeal frorn a final judgment 'based upon a verdict by the jury awarding damages to^ the appellees for personal' injuries. Motion for new trial was denied.
At the conclusion of all the testimony the trial Judge gave a specific charge, requested by the appellees, that the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur was applicable in the case, and the giving of such charge is assigned as error. It was alleged in the complaint that the bus driver “did so negligently turn the bus from Ohio Avenue onto Michigan Avenue, so that the same left the roadway and came to an abrupt stop into the slope of the ditch,” and as a result of such negligence, the plaintiff, Edna Lee Corbin, “was thrown violently from her seat upon and against the supporting rod and then violently upon the floor.” The appellant filed defenses of general denial and contributory negligence.
It is admitted that the driver of the bus was in complete conrol of it. The improper, or negligent, driving of the bus by the driver was the important and specific charge of negligence, and by reason of this negligent operation, it is alleged, she was injured. See Southern Express Co. v. Williamson, 66 Fla. 286, 63 So. 433, L.R.A. 1916C, 1208, and Pensacola Electric Term. Ry. v. Hausman, 51 Fla. 286, 40 So. 196.
There was a direct conflict in the testimony. Mrs. Corbin testified that when the bus driver got in his seat, he started the bus and it made a lunge and the next thing she knew the bus was on the right side around the curve, part on the slope of a ditch and she was on the floor. She ‘further testified that when it started, it made a funny noise and a lunge, as if you step on the brake but hit the wrong thing, •or step on the gas; that it made a lung'e •and a sudden stop. She testified that the bus was off the road and on the slope of the street when she got back on her feet.
Dr. Maxwell, who was a witness for the plaintiff, testified that Mrs. Corbin told him the driver accidentally stepped on the'brake which caused a lurch that threw her. The bus driver testified that the bus did not leave the road but stopped in between two streets. He further testified that Mrs. Corbin-was standing or rising for the apparent purpose of changing her seat and the bus gaye a little jerk and she slipped down, with one hand holding the bar and with one knee on the platform.
"A passenger on the bus testified that Mrs. Corbin slipped off her seat down on her knees, occasioned 'by “a little jerk’of the bus — just a small jerk.” The jerk did not upset him. He further testified' that Mrs. Corbin was not thrown on the floor across the aisle.
The charge given by the Court that the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur applies to this case was requested by the appellees. No conference was called by the Court to settle the charges as required by 30 F.S.A. Common Law Rule 39(b). No opportunity was given to the appellant to object to such requested charge and ruled upon by the Court as required by said Rule.
The appellees contend that the appellant cannot now complain of the charge because the said Rule 39(b) also provides that “no party may assign as error the giving of any instruction unless he objects thereto at such time”. The answer to this contention is that the appellant did not know that any such charge had been requested. No conference was held and no opportunity given to it to object to any such charge as required by the Rule.
The pleadings made up the issues and the testimony offered by the parties, on the issues as made, was conflicting. The burden of proof was upon the plaintiffs to prove the specific acts of negligence as hereinabove set forth. It was the duty of the jury to resolve any conflicts in the evidence. The doctrine of res ipsa loquitur, as shown by the pleadings and evidence in this case, was not applicable, and the giving of such charge under the facts and circumstances disclosed by the record was reversible error. Lawson v. Loftin, 155 Fla. 685, 21 So. 2d 202; Frash v. Sarres, Fla., 60 So. 2d 924.
The appellant also assigns as error statements made by the attorney for the appellees in argument before the jury as being prejudicial and the equivalent of the attorney testifying before the jury.
It appears that the attorney for the appellees in the closing argument before the jury made the following remarks:
“That he (plaintiffs’ counsel,) had known the plaintiff, Mrs. Corbin, for many years and that she was a well and healthy woman up and until the time of the accident.
* * * * * *
“The defendant employed high price attorneys on retainer, who kept offices in the First National Bank «Building.
* * * * * *
“That bus company employed attorneys on retainer over here in the First National Bank Building to fight all claims made against them, regardless of how just they may be, and that was what the average man, or average woman, was up against when they filed a claim against the bus company.
**
“We all remember when the bus fare here was five cents and now it is ten cents.
**
“Don’t you imagine that the officers of the bus company 'when they get sick go to the finest clinics in the United States, such as Mayo’s-.
**
“That the defendant company was spending large sums of money in the defense of this suit.”
Part of the statements made by the attorney for the appellees amounted to testimony given by such attorney, out of order, and when he was not under oath. The other remarks were highly prejudicial. Appropriate objections were made by the attorneys for the appellant. After such objections had been made, the trial judge stated that he had tried for years, without success, to keep counsel from going outside the record, and then told counsel that he should confine his argument on the record, but that he might make illustrations of common knowledge. After the above statements were made and were timely objected <o, it became the duty of the trial Judge to reprimand the attorney for -the appellees and to do all he could to eradicate such illegal testimony and highly prejudicial remarks from the minds of the jury.
Verdicts rendered by a jury, after having heard such incompetent testimony from an attorney and such highly prejudicial remarks, under the circumstances as shown by this case, cannot be permitted to stand.
Having reached the conclusion which we have, it is unnecessary to discuss or consider the other assignments of error. Reversed, with directions to set aside the order denying a new trial, and for further proceedings in accordance with this opinion.
SEBRING, C. J., and ROBERTS and DREW, JJ., concur.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Cited By (18 total)
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Tyus v. Apalachicola N. R.R. Co., 130 So. 2d 580 (Fla. 1961)…ling with this question indicates that in many, if not [*589] most, the improper conduct was committed during the closing argument, as in this case. See Griffith v. Shamrock Village, Fla. 1957, 94 So. 2d 854; Tampa Transit Lines v. Corbin, Fla.1953, 62 So. 2d 10; Baggett v. Davis, 1936, 124 Fla. 701, 169 So. 372, 379 (civil cases); and Akin v. State, 1923, 86 Fla. 564, 98 So. 609, 612; Singer v. State, Fla. 1959, 109 So. 2d 7, 28; Pait v. State, Fla.1959, 112 So. 2d 380 (criminal cases). The statement that…1 / 3
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Borden, Inc. v. Young, 479 So. 2d 850 (Fla. 3d DCA 1985)…while certainly impermissible, did not go nearly so far; and (b) was so prejudicial as to be incapable of cure by rebuke or retraction; it thus constituted fundamental error which needed no objection to preserve. Tampa Transit Lines, Inc. v. Corbin, 62 So. 2d 10 (Fla.1952); Seaboard Air Line R. Co. v. Strickland, 88 So. 2d 519 (Fla.1956); Carlton v. Johns, 194 So. 2d 670 (Fla. 4th DCA 1967). Perhaps more important is the broader jurisprudential issue which is raised by cases like this. In our view, it is n…
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Seaboard AIR Line R.R. Co. v. Strickland, 88 So. 2d 519 (Fla. 1956)…n of this brief fails to sustain any personal or professional attack on him or his firm. The principles above mentioned are supported by precedent. Seaboard Air Line Ry. v. Smith, 53 Fla. 375, 43 So. 235; Tampa Transit Lines, Inc., v. Corbin, Fla., 62 So. 2d 10. In both cases, conduct of counsel, much less offensive than in this case, was condemned by this court. Objections are not required where the conduct com [*524] plained of runs through the trial. New York Central R. Co. v. Johnson, 279 U.S. 310, 49…
Previewing 3 of 18 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- S. Express Co. v. Williamson, 66 Fla. 286 (Fla. 1913)
- Amos C. Teston and Mattie Bridges v. State, 66 Fla. 244 (Fla. 1913)
- Frash v. Sarres, 60 So. 2d 924 (Fla. 1952)
- Corinne Lawson v. Loftin, 155 Fla. 685 (Fla. 1945)
- Pensacola Elec. Terminal Ry. Co. v. Haussman, 51 Fla. 286 (Fla. 1906)