JOSEPH E. BURKE, APPELLANT,
v.
DORIS B. BURKE, APPELLEE
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In a dissolution of marriage proceeding, the trial court held the husband in contempt for violating a settlement agreement. The appellate court reversed the contempt finding regarding monetary payments (citing the constitutional prohibition against debt imprisonment) but affirmed it regarding the failure to execute certain documents, as those constituted mandatory orders for specific performance rather than debt collection.
The trial court's contempt finding regarding the $1,956.26 payment and the joint income tax return was reversed because these are payments under a property settlement agreement that cannot be enforced through contempt proceedings. However, the contempt finding regarding the failure to execute and deliver documents was affirmed because this constitutes a mandatory order for specific performance of acts (not money payments), which may be enforced through contempt.
[1] Contempt proceedings may not be used to enforce payments required under a property settlement agreement, as such payments are enforceable only as ordinary claims between…
[2] A trial court loses jurisdiction to alter an order once a notice of appeal has been filed.
Previewing 2 of 5 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“the contempt process may not be utilized to enforce payments required under a property settlement agreement, such payments being enforceable only as ordinary claims between a creditor and a debtor”
Establishes the fundamental rule that monetary obligations under settlement agreements cannot be enforced through contempt
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAt the conclusion of a dissolution of marriage hearing, the parties entered into a separation and property settlement stipulation that was incorporate…
The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.
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ALDERMAN, Judge.
This is an appeal from an order holding appellant in contempt of court. At the final hearing of a dissolution of marriage the parties in open court entered into a separation and property settlement stipulation. In the final judgment the trial judge ratified and confirmed the stipulation and ordered the parties to comply with all of the terms of the stipulation.
Subsequently appellant failed to comply with certain provisions of the stipulation and appellee filed motions to enforce the final judgment. Ultimately the trial court found appellant to be in contempt of court. Appellant was given the opportunity to purge himself of his contempt by complying with the court’s order within five days. The specific violations are as follows:
(1) He failed to pay to her the sum of $1,956.26 as agreed.
(2) He failed and refused to execute and deliver to his former wife the joint income tax return for the calendar year of 1974 together with his check for one-half of the taxes due and owing thereon.
(3) He failed to execute and deliver to his former wife all documents necessary to release to her all of his interest in a certain note and mortgage.
(4) He failed to execute and deliver to his former wife all documents necessary to transfer to her all of his interest in certain securities.
The trial court further found and determined in his order that appellant’s failure and refusal to comply was willful and deliberate and not caused by his inability to comply.
Appellant relies on the general rule that the contempt process may not be utilized to enforce payments required under a property settlement agreement, such payments being enforceable only as ordinary claims between a creditor and a debtor. Carlin v. State, 310 So. 2d 403 (Fla. 4th DCA 1975); Howell v. Howell, 207 So. 2d 507 (Fla. 2d DCA 1968); State v. Phillips, 193 So. 2d 26 (Fla. 2d DCA 1966); State ex rel. Cahn v. Mason, 148 Fla. 264, 4 So. 2d 255 (1941).
The $1,956.26 is clearly a payment required under the terms of a property settlement agreement and cannot be enforced by contempt proceedings. This part of the trial judge’s order is reversed.
Subsequent to the filing of this appeal the trial judge entered an order which purported to relieve and discharge appellant from the order of contempt for his failure to execute and file a joint income tax return with appellee. This order was ineffectual because once a notice of appeal has been filed, the lower court is without jurisdiction to alter the order appealed from. Considering the merits of this portion of the order we conclude that it must be reversed because it also is an attempt to enforce by contempt proceedings a payment under the terms of the property settlement agreement.
A different situation is presented as to the remaining portion of the trial judge’s order. This does not involve appellant being held in contempt for failure to make an agreed payment pursuant to a property settlement agreement. We do not run afoul of the constitutional prohibition that “No person shall be imprisoned for debt . . ” Florida Constitution, Article I, Section 11. Here the defendant is charged with failure to execute certain documents. Appellant had agreed to do these things. The final judgment ordered that he comply with his agreement. The incorporation of the agreement into the final judgment, coupled with the trial court’s order of compliance, was in effect a mandatory order for the specific performance of that act. Fla.R. Civ.P. 1.570, provides in part as follows:
“. . .If any other judgment, injunction or mandatory order for the specific performance of any act or contract is not complied with, the court may hold the disobedient party for contempt . . . ”
In the present case appellant was ordered by the trial court to specifically perform certain acts which appellant in open court had previously agreed to perform. The acts required did not involve the payment of money. Appellant’s failure and refusal to comply was willful and deliberate and not caused by his inability to comply. Under these circumstances we hold that the trial court had the authority to enforce its order by holding appellant for contempt. This portion of the contempt order is affirmed. Affirmed in part, reversed in part and remanded for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.
DOWNEY, J., concurs.
MAGER, C. J., dissents, with opinion.
MAGER, Chief Judge
(dissenting):
I must respectfully dissent from that portion of the majority opinion concluding that the payment required under the terms of the property settlement agreement cannot be enforced by contempt proceedings. Notwithstanding the authority cited in the majority opinion, the facts and circumstances of the instant case fall within the orbit of the early decision of the Supreme Court of Florida in Solomon v. Solomon, 149 Fla. 174, 5 So. 2d 265 (1942). There the Supreme Court held that if the property settlement agreement is embodied in the decree and contemplates when executed that it shall become a part of the court order, the failure to comply therewith is punishable by contempt.
In the instant situation the final judgment of dissolution, the violation of which gave rise to the contempt below, contained the following express finding:
“3. The Separation and Property Settlement Stipulation entered into by the parties on the 14th day of January, 1975, and recited into the record, is hereby ratified and confirmed; and the parties are ordered to comply with all of the terms of the Stipulation”
It is clear from the foregoing language (and from the very contempt order itself) that more than a mere ratification of the property settlement agreement occurred. As the circumstances were such as to exercise the contempt power in Solomon v. Solomon, supra, so, too, the situation in the instant case justified and legally supports the trial court’s exercise of the power of contempt.
Accordingly, I would affirm the trial court in all respects.
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Citator
Cited By (15 total)
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Roth v. Roth, 973 So. 2d 580 (Fla. 2d DCA 2008)…); Montanez v. Montanez, 697 So. 2d 184, 185 (Fla. 2d DCA 1997). The rationale behind this general rule is that property division awards are simply a debt owed between spouses, and the Florida Constitution bars imprisonment for debt. Burke v. Burke, 336 So. 2d 1237, 1238 (Fla. 4th DCA 1976). However, when the act at issue does not involve the payment of money, a trial court may enforce the property division award through contempt. For example, in Burke, the final judgment of dissolution ordered the husband to…
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Riley v. Riley, 509 So. 2d 1366 (Fla. 5th DCA 1987)…. Johnson, 334 So. 2d 54 (Fla. 4th DCA 1976), the district court upheld the trial court’s enforcement by contempt of a settlement provision which required the former wife to quit-claim real estate to her former husband. Similarly, in Burke v. Burke, 336 So. 2d 1237 (Fla. 4th DCA 1976), the district court approved the enforcement of settlement provisions incorporated in a dissolution judgment which required a former husband to execute documents releasing his interest in various properties.11 In this case, the…1 / 2
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Benson v. Seymour Benson, 369 So. 2d 99 (Fla. 4th DCA 1979)…We find no Florida case which has passed on this particular set of circumstances although we would comment that the failure to make payments pursuant to a pure property settlement agreement is not the subject of contempt proceedings, Burke v. Burke, 336 So. 2d 1237 (Fla. 4th DCA 1976). We agree with the language of Sedell v. Sedell, 100 So. 2d 639, 642 (Fla. 1st DCA 1958), Provisions a of a separation agreement constituting a final settlement of the rights which each party has in property accumulated during…
Previewing 3 of 15 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- State ex rel. Albert B. Cahn v. Mason, 148 Fla. 264 (Fla. 1941)
- Howell v. Howell, 207 So. 2d 507 (Fla. 2d DCA 1968)
- State of Fla. ex rel. Lon C. Gillham v. Honorable Charles M. Phillips, Jr., 193 So. 2d 26 (Fla. 2d DCA 1966)
- Carlin v. Stan Carlin, 310 So. 2d 403 (Fla. 4th DCA 1975)
- Solomon v. Solomon, 149 Fla. 174 (Fla. 1941)