SILAS RAY CREES, APPELLANT,
v.
MARA KING CREES, APPELLEE

Fla. 4th DCA | 1977-02-11
No. 76-205
MAGER, C. J., and CROSS, J., concur.
342 So. 2d 1014 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (1977) Negative Treatment
Cited by 18 cases

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Synopsis

The Fourth District Court of Appeal reversed a final judgment awarding permanent alimony to an ex-wife, holding that under Florida's dissolution law and public policy of equal partnership, permanent alimony is improper when the spouse has the capacity to become self-sufficient. The court remanded for entry of a judgment limiting alimony to no more than five years for rehabilitative purposes.


Holding

The court held that the award of permanent alimony was error and reversed. The court affirmed the $75 per week rehabilitative alimony (initially awarded) and $500 attorney's fees but limited rehabilitative alimony to a maximum of five years from the date of dissolution, reasoning that the wife should be able to achieve self-sufficiency within that timeframe through employment and education, and that the evidence did not demonstrate permanent inability to become self-supporting.


Headnotes

[1] Permanent alimony is improper when a spouse has the capacity to become self-supporting.

[2] Public policy in dissolution law favors spousal self-sufficiency over permanent alimony awards.

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Key Quotes

“if the spouse has the capacity to make her own way through the remainder of her life unassisted by the former husband, then the courts cannot require him to pay alimony other than for rehabilitative purposes”

Establishes the legal standard that permanent alimony is improper when the spouse can become self-sufficient; alimony is limited to rehabilitative purposes.

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Facts & Procedural History

The parties married on August 1, 1970, and lived in separate households throughout their marriage. The wife, age 33 at dissolution, was unemployed and…

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Opinion of the Court
JOANOS, JAMES E., Associate Judge.

JOANOS, JAMES E., Associate Judge.

Appellant husband, respondent in the trial court, appeals a final judgment of dissolution entered on December 1, 1975.

The parties were married on August 1, 1970. During their marriage they lived in separate households although the husband spent considerable time at the home of the wife and the wife spent some time at his home. The wife, during the marriage continued to reside with her mother as she had prior to the marriage. She lived there with the one child of the marriage and with her child of a former marriage.

At the time of the dissolution, the wife was 33 years of age. She was unemployed. She had been employed prior to the marriage and was offered a job two years prior to the dissolution. She testified that she did not accept the job because the husband would not permit it. During the marriage, the husband contributed regularly to the support of appellee. The evidence as to the husband’s income was conflicting. In his direct testimony he stated that he was receiving $112.00 weekly and heavily indebted, however, cross examination reflected that he was current on a mortgage and an unsecured note and was expending approximately $250.00 per week. The trial judge found that during the marriage, the husband’s “. . . contributions were adequate to assure her an extensive and fashionable wardrobe, trips abroad, and medical care for herself and an allergy-prone child”.

In the judgment appealed from, the trial judge dissolved the marriage and awarded the appellee the custody of the parties’ four year old daughter, $35.00 per week for support of the parties’ four year old child, $75.00 per week for alimony, court costs, and $500.00 as attorney’s fees.

On appeal, appellant argues that the judgment was excessive as to the amount of alimony and attorney’s fees and further that the award of permanent alimony was improper. As to the amount of $500.00 for attorney’s fees, we find no fault with the judgment. The award is adequately supported by the record. Nor would we question $75.00 per week as an appropriate amount for rehabilitative alimony.

However, in awarding permanent alimony to the wife we hold that the judgment appealed from was in error and cannot be supported by applicable principles of law. In Roberts v. Roberts, 283 So. 2d 396, 397 (Fla. 1st DCA 1973), the First District Court of Appeal reasoned that the public policy attendant to our dissolution law required that “. . . if the spouse has the capacity to make her own way through the remainder of her life unassisted by the former husband, then the courts cannot require him to pay alimony other than for rehabilitative purposes.” In Thigpen v. Thigpen, 277 So. 2d 583 (Fla. 1st DCA 1973), the First District had stated that the law placed “. . . both parties to the marriage on a basis of complete equality as partners sharing equal rights and obligations in the marriage relationship and sharing equal burdens in the event of dissolution.”

Considering the length and style of the marriage, and the needs and abilities of the parties as reflected in the record, we find an insufficiency in the evidence to require alimony payments to extend beyond five years at a maximum from the date of dissolution in this case. We do not believe that there is “magic” in the number “five”. We just reason that within five years the child of the parties should be of sufficient age as not to hinder appellee’s abilities to be employed and that sufficient time should have passed to allow appellee to get additional training or schooling so as to place her in as good a position as to her ability to earn as she would have attained but for the marriage and what negative effects it may reasonably have had upon her ability to earn. We emphasize, that we are not holding that rehabilitative alimony should be provided for an exact period of five years. What we are saying is that under the circumstances of this case more than five years would be excessive. The evidence in this case just does not reflect a permanent inability on the part of appellee to become self-sustaining. Without that, there can be no award of permanent alimony.

The judgment appealed is reversed and the cause remanded with directions that an amended judgment be rendered that is consistent with the holding and views expressed in this opinion.

REVERSED and REMANDED.

MAGER, C. J., and CROSS, J., concur.


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Citator

Cited By

  • Rosen v. Rosen, 696 So. 2d 697 (Fla. 1997)
    …90); Contogeorgos v. Contogeorgos, 482 So. 2d 590 (Fla. 4th DCA 1986); Perry v. Perry, 448 So. 2d 588 (Fla. 5th DCA 1984); Campbell v. Campbell, 432 So. 2d 666 (Fla. 5th DCA 1983); James v. James, 443 So. 2d 1029 (Fla. 5th DCA 1983); Crees v. Crees, 342 So. 2d 1014 (Fla. 4th DCA 1977); Reback v. Reback, 296 So. 2d 541 (Fla. 3d DCA 1974). We therefore convert the permanent alimony to rehabilitative alimony.... Rosen VI, 659 So. 2d at 369. The decisions cited by the district court stand for the general proposit…
  • Campbell v. Chalermsri V. Campbell, 432 So. 2d 666 (Fla. 5th DCA 1983)
    …(Fla. 5th DCA 1982). However, under current law, if the former wife has the capacity to make her own way unassisted by her former husband, then courts cannot require the husband to pay alimony other than for rehabilitative purposes. Crees v. Crees, 342 So. 2d 1014 (Fla. 4th DCA 1977); Roberts v. Roberts, 283 So. 2d 396 (Fla. 1st DCA 1973). Thus, each case must be examined carefully to determine whether, as a matter of law, the alimony needs of the wife fall into one category or the other. We held in G’Sell t…
  • Stoler v. Stoler, 376 So. 2d 253 (Fla. 3d DCA 1979)
    …han for rehabilitative purposes. Roberts v. Roberts, 283 So. 2d 396 (Fla. 1st DCA 1973). Without evidence reflecting a permanent inability on the part of the wife to become self-sustaining, there can be no award of permanent alimony. Crees v. Crees, 342 So. 2d 1014 (Fla. 4th DCA 1977). A review of the record in the instant case reveals that the award of permanent alimony to the wife is not supported by competent substantial evidence of a permanent inability on the part of the wife to become self-sustaining. [*…

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