THE STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLANT,
v.
JAMES SCOTT COCALIS AND COLBY BENHAM, APPELLEES
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Florida appealed the trial court's dismissal of an extortion charge against defendants Cocalis and Benham. The court held that because the extortion charge arose from the same criminal conduct as the original kidnapping charge, and defendants had waived speedy trial rights through unexcused continuances, the 180-day filing deadline did not apply to the new charge.
The new extortion charge was not barred by the 180-day speedy trial limitation because it arose from the same criminal conduct or episode as the original kidnapping charge, and the defendants' waiver of speedy trial through unexcused continuances applied to all charges arising from that conduct.
[1] A defendant's unexcused continuance waives the speedy trial time limitations, allowing the court to set trial within a reasonable time.
[2] The filing of a new information charging an offense based on the same conduct or criminal episode does not revive the speedy trial limitations after a defendant has waive…
Previewing 2 of 4 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“when a defendant is granted an unexcused continuance, the time limitations in the speedy trial rule are no longer applicable and the court has the right and authority to set the case for trial within a reasonable time”
Establishes that unexcused continuances eliminate speedy trial time limitations
Previewing 1 of 3 key quotes on this case — the court’s exact language, pinpointed for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceDefendants were arrested November 10, 1981, and initially charged with kidnapping Berk Lorenzo Jones, Jr. Multiple unexcused defense continuances were…
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FERGUSON, Judge.
The defendants were arrested on November 10, 1981, and charged on December 1, 1981, in Count I with kidnapping one Berk Lorenzo Jones, Jr. Unexcused defense continuances were granted on April 12, 1982, and June 14, 1982. On July 19, 1982, a new information was filed charging in two counts the kidnapping of Jones and one John Bryant. Additional defense continuances were granted on July 30, 1982, September 7, 1982, October 21, 1982, December 13,1982, and January 10,1983. On February 7, 1983, a third information was filed which was identical to the second information except for the addition of a third count charging extortion, naming Jones as the victim. The extortion charge was based on the same facts as gave rise to the charge in Count I of the information. On April 11, 1983, the defendants requested and were granted another unexcused continuance.
On May 2, 1983, the defendants filed a Motion to Dismiss the extortion charge (Count III) pursuant to Rule 3.191, Florida Rules of Criminal Procedure, on the ground that it was filed after 180 days from the date of their arrest. In granting the motion the trial court found:
... it appears to the Court .that more than 180 days has elapsed from the date of the defendants’ arrest. This Court specifically finds that all though (sic) the defense continuances effectively waived speedy trial of the original charge, Kidnapping, that waiver is not effective as to Count III, Extortion, of the Information filed February 7, 1983 which is a new and separate count arising out of the same fact situation. WHEREFORE, it is ORDERED AND ADJUDGED that the defendants’ Motion to Dismiss Count III is granted, [e.s.]
We agree with the trial court’s finding that the new offense arose out of the same criminal conduct or episode which supports the charges in Counts I and II. That finding requires us to reverse.
First, when a defendant is granted an unexcused continuance, the time limitations in the speedy trial rule are no longer applicable and the court has the right and authority to set the case for trial within a reasonable time. State ex rel. Butler v. Cullen, 253 So. 2d 861, 863 (Fla.1971).
Second, the filing of a new information subsequent to a continuance granted to the defendant which charges a new offense does not vitiate the waiver of the speedy trial rule or revive the 180-day limitation, when the new offense is based upon the same conduct or criminal episode. Homer v. State, 358 So. 2d 1176, 1177-78 (Fla. 3d DCA 1978), cert. denied, 364 So. 2d 886 (Fla.1978).
Count I of the information charges a kidnapping and alleges:
[Defendants] between the 5th day of November, 1981, and the 11th day of November, 1981, ... without lawful authority, did then and there forcibly, secretly, or by threat, confine, abduct or imprison another person, to-wit: BERK LORENZO JONES, JR. ... for ransom or reward. ...
Count III of the information, which was dismissed by the trial court, charges extortion and alleges:
[Defendants] between the 5th day of November, 1981, and the 11th day of November, 1981,... did maliciously and fe-loniously verbally threaten an injury to the person of another, to-wit: BERK LORENZO JONES, JR., with the intent to extort MONEY....
It is clear that Count III arose from the same criminal conduct or episode as gave rise to Count I; therefore, the fact that this charge was filed more than 180 days after defendants’ arrest does not exclude it from the effect of the speedy trial waiver. Reversed and remanded.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Cited By
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Stewart v. State, 491 So. 2d 271 (Fla. 1986)…charged, the defendant waives his speedy trial right as to all charges which emanate from the same criminal episode. E.g., State v. Albanez, 448 So. 2d 596 (Fla. 2d DCA 1984); Goldstein v. State, 447 So. 2d 903 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984); State v. Cocalis, 443 So. 2d 138 (Fla. 3d DCA 1983); State v. Jones, 404 So. 2d 395 (Fla. 5th DCA 1981); Conner v. State, 398 So. 2d 983 (Fla. 1st DCA 1981). Moreover, the district court correctly concluded that Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.191(h)(2) is inapplicable under t…
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State v. Brandt, 460 So. 2d 444 (Fla. 5th DCA 1984)…trial rule was waived as to that offense. State ex. rel. Butler v. Cullen, 253 So. 2d 861 (Fla.1971); Zeigler v. State, 402 So. 2d 365 (Fla.1981); cert. den. Zeigler v. Florida, 455 U.S. 1035, 102 S.Ct. 1739, 72 L.Ed.2d 153 (1982); State v. Cocalis, 443 So. 2d 138 (Fla.3d DCA 1983). On January 11, 1984, appellee was recharged by an amended information with the same sexual battery. In another count of the same new information appellee was charged with a different sexual battery upon a different victim which t…
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State v. Albanez, 448 So. 2d 596 (Fla. 2d DCA 1984)…denied motion for discharge, carries over to a refiled information. This principle was recognized by this court in State v. Vukojevich, 392 So. 2d 297 (Fla. 2d DCA 1980). See also State v. Condon, 444 So. 2d 73 (Fla. 4th DCA 1984); State v. Cocalis, 443 So. 2d 138 (Fla. 3d DCA 1984); Conner v. State, 398 So. 2d 983 (Fla. 1st DCA 1981); State v. Brown, 394 So. 2d 218 (Fla. 5th DCA 1981). For the foregoing reasons, we find that appellee’s waiver of speedy trial, prior to the entry of the nolle prosequi on the…
Authorities Cited
- State of Fla. ex rel. Isaac Don Butler & Gerald Nickles v. Honorable Ralph O. Cullen, 253 So. 2d 861 (Fla. 1971)
- Hernandez v. Metro. Dade Cnty., 358 So. 2d 1176 (Fla. 3d DCA 1978)
- Homer v. State, 358 So. 2d 1176 (Fla. 3d DCA 1978)