MELVIN J. WEATHERS, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE
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The court affirmed the sentence in one case because it predated the guidelines, but reversed the sentence in another case due to invalid reasons for departing from the sentencing guidelines.
[1] A defendant whose offense occurred prior to the effective date of sentencing guidelines and who does not affirmatively elect to be sentenced under the guidelines is not s…
[2] Prior criminal record is an invalid reason for departure from sentencing guidelines.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAppellant pleaded guilty to aggravated assault and burglary, receiving probation. His probation was repeatedly modified due to violations, eventually …
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SANDERLIN, Judge.
In each of these consolidated appeals, appellant challenges his sentence. For the reasons stated below, we affirm appellant’s sentence in appeal number 85-2009 and reverse his sentence in appeal number 85-2008.
In case number 83-5006 (appeal number 85-2009), on August 26, 1983, appellant pleaded guilty to aggravated assault and was placed on five years’ probation. On June 1, 1984, appellant pleaded guilty to burglary in case number 84-2132 (appeal number 85-2008) and was placed on probation, with the special condition that he serve 364 days in county jail. On the same day, the trial court modified appellant’s probation in case number 83-5006 to require appellant to serve 364 days in county jail, concurrently with case number 84-2132.
On June 20, 1985, appellant’s probation in both cases was further modified, as a result of various violations, to require him to spend one year in Tampa Probation and Restitution Center. On August 22, 1986, the trial court revoked appellant’s probation in both cases and sentenced him to concurrent terms of five years’ imprisonment on each charge, with credit for time served. At the sentencing hearing, appellant’s counsel advised the trial court that the presumptive guidelines sentence was any nonstate prison sanction. No guidelines scoresheet appears in the record. The trial judge stated that he was exceeding the guidelines based on appellant’s “prior record and his prior violations and this offense and all other offenses and violations.” The trial judge then directed someone to prepare a written order of his reasons for departure. The trial court’s “Order of Aggravating Circumstances” stated:
The Court has found the defendant to have a prior record of burglary related offenses and has violated the terms and conditions of his probation on at least two (2) occasions. Furthermore, the defendant has displayed a pattern of behavior which indicates that he is a threat to society and has shown a total disregard for the criminal justice system.
We first address appellant’s contention that his sentence in case number 83-5006 must be reversed and remanded so that he may affirmatively elect to be sentenced under the guidelines. This point is without merit. Appellant’s offense in case number 83-5006 occurred prior to October 1,1983, the effective date of the sentencing guidelines. Appellant did not affirmatively select to be sentenced under the guidelines in case number 83-5006; therefore, his sentence in that case is not a guidelines sentence. Accordingly, we affirm this sentence. See Diaz v. State, 487 So. 2d 1225 (Fla. 2d DCA 1986).
Appellant next contends that the trial court did not provide clear and convincing reasons for departure in case number 84-2132. Prior record is an invalid reason for departure. Hendrix v. State, 475 So. 2d 1218 (Fla.1985). Additionally, “threat to society” and “disregard for criminal justice system” are invalid reasons for departure under the facts of this case. See Williams v. State, 492 So. 2d 1308 (Fla.1986); Hendsbee v. State, 497 So. 2d 718 (Fla. 2d DCA 1986); Reid v. State, 488 So. 2d 913 (Fla. 2d DCA 1986); Martinez-Diaz v. State, 484 So. 2d 633 (Fla. 2d DCA 1986). Cf. Santana v. State, 507 So. 2d 680 (Fla. 2d DCA 1987) (“lack of respect for the law” valid reason for departure where defendant did not appear for disposition of delivery of cocaine violation and very next day committed offenses of delivery of a counterfeit controlled substance and carrying a concealed firearm); Booker v. State, 482 So. 2d 414 (Fla. 2d DCA 1985) (“disregard for criminal justice system” valid reason for departure when based upon defendant’s “escalating criminal involvement”). We do, however, conclude that the fact that appellant violated his probation on two occasions is a clear and convincing reason for departure. See Adams v. State, 490 So. 2d 53 (Fla.1986); Gordon v. State, 483 So. 2d 22 (Fla. 2d DCA 1985).
The state has not proven beyond a reasonable doubt that the trial court would have departed solely on the basis of the permissible reason. See Albritton v. State, 476 So. 2d 158 (Fla.1985). Further, our review of the record does not convince us that the absence of the invalid reasons, especially the prior convictions, would have affected the trial court’s departure. See Casteel v. State, 498 So. 2d 1249 (Fla.1986). Accordingly, we reverse appellant’s sentence in case number 84-2132, and remand for resentencing. Upon remand, the trial court is directed to prepare a scoresheet to be used in determining appellant’s presumptive sentence. See Gause v. State, 491 So. 2d 320 (Fla. 2d DCA 1986).
Affirmed in part, reversed in part, and remanded for resentencing.
CAMPBELL, A.C.J., and HALL, J., concur.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
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Lucious Williams v. State, 568 So. 2d 1276 (Fla. 2d DCA 1990)…r departure. See Adams v. State, 490 So. 2d 53 (Fla.1986); Williams v. State, 559 So. 2d 680 (Fla. 2d DCA 1990) (en banc); Pullens v. State, 516 So. 2d 34 (Fla. 2d DCA 1987); Washington v. State, 510 So. 2d 355 (Fla. 2d DCA 1987); Weathers v. State, 508 So. 2d 1332 (Fla. 2d DCA 1987); and Simmons v. State, 496 So. 2d 911 (Fla. 2d DCA 1986). We do not construe Ree v. State, 565 So. 2d 1329 (Fla.1989) to alter this well established rule. Although it may be argued that the broad language utilized in Ree prohibits…
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Americo Nodal v. State, 524 So. 2d 476 (Fla. 2d DCA 1988)…the minor would not have been involved in the crime but for the actions of the appellant.”) The trial court’s fourth reason for departure, “defendant has a complete lack of regard for the law and the judicial system,” is invalid. Weathers v. State, 508 So. 2d 1332 (Fla. 2d DCA 1987). After reviewing the entire record in this case, we are satisfied that the state has met its burden of proving beyond a reasonable doubt that the sentence would have been the same without the impermissible reasons. Griffis v. Sta…
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Brown v. State, 535 So. 2d 671 (Fla. 1st DCA 1988)…o justify departure). But see, Lee v. State, 486 So. 2d 709 (Fla. 5th DCA 1986) (under Hendrix v. State, 475 So. 2d 1218 (Fla. 1985), disregard for the laws imposed by society and the criminal justice system is an invalid reason); Weathers v. State, 508 So. 2d 1332 (Fla. 2nd DCA 1987) (“total disregard for the criminal justice system” invalid reason under facts given); Hendsbee v. State, 497 So. 2d 718 (Fla. 2nd DCA 1986) (disregard for criminal justice system may not be used to depart from guidelines). In th…
Previewing 3 of 4 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited (15 total)
- Hendrix v. State, 475 So. 2d 1218 (Fla. 1985)
- City OF Atl. Beach v. Bull, 476 So. 2d 158 (Fla. 1985)
- Albritton v. State, 476 So. 2d 158 (Fla. 1985)
- Williams v. State, 492 So. 2d 1308 (Fla. 1986)
- Casteel v. State, 498 So. 2d 1249 (Fla. 1986)
- Dilar S. Booker v. State, 482 So. 2d 414 (Fla. 2d DCA 1985)
- Adams v. State, 490 So. 2d 53 (Fla. 1986)
- Gordon v. State, 483 So. 2d 22 (Fla. 2d DCA 1985)
- Santana v. State, 507 So. 2d 680 (Fla. 2d DCA 1987)
- Martinez-Diaz v. State, 484 So. 2d 633 (Fla. 2d DCA 1986)