THOMAS GEPFRICH, APPELLANT,
v.
MARJORIE LOIS GEPFRICH, APPELLEE
AI-generated. These summaries, headnotes, and key points are machine-generated and may contain errors or omissions. Always verify against the full opinion text below. Not legal advice.
An equitable lien may be imposed against homestead property when fraud or reprehensible conduct is involved, and the trial court has discretion in choosing the method of enforcing that lien.
[1] The homestead exemption will not be construed to enable a party to claim its benefits against those to whom they owe the obligation of support and maintenance.
[2] Homestead exemption laws should not be applied so as to make them an instrument of fraud or a means to escape honest debts.
Previewing 2 of 4 headnotes on this case. FLexlaw’s editorially structured points of law — every proposition, pinpointed — are reserved for members.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceThe trial court found the appellant's defenses to a contempt charge constituted a lack of clean hands, justifying an equitable lien against homestead …
The full statement of facts, procedural history, and disposition for this case are member content.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence© FLexlaw, Inc. — AI-generated enrichments are proprietary. All rights reserved.
Explore caselaw by topic → Browse Reprehensible Conduct cases and more on FLexlaw
GUNTHER, Judge.
Thomas Gepfrich appeals the trial court’s order holding that he shall pay alimony arrearages to Marjorie Lois Gepfrich and that he shall sell his home, with the proceeds from the sale to be applied toward the arrearages. We affirm.
In response to his former wife’s motion to hold him in contempt for failing to pay her alimony, Thomas acknowledged he was in arrears $20,000, but maintained that he lacked the ability to pay this alimony. He testified that his net monthly income was $4,700 and that his only asset was his $325,000 home which the trial court found required in excess of $3,000 a month to maintain. It was undisputed at trial that living with Thomas is a girlfriend who does not contribute to the monthly home expenses. This home, titled in Thomas’ name only, was purchased subsequent to the dissolution of his marriage to Marjorie. After a hearing on Marjorie’s motion, the trial court found Thomas in arrears, ordered him to sell his home within 90 days otherwise the court would appoint a special master to sell the property either privately or at public auction, and ordered that the proceeds from the sale be applied towards the arrearages.
With regard to the forced sale of Thomas’ home, the trial court was obviously attempting to create a financial situation which would better enable Thomas to fulfill his alimony obligations. Nevertheless, Thomas argues that the trial court is prohibited from forcing him to sell his homestead to meet his alimony obligations because the Florida Constitution Article 10 § 4 specifically exempts his homestead property from forced sale.
In the instant case, the ruling implies that the trial court felt that Thomas had purchased his home and was asserting the homestead exemption for the purpose of defeating the former wife’s attempt to enforce his obligation to pay her alimony. This implied conclusion is supported by competent evidence in the record on appeal. According to the order appealed, the trial court expressly found that it was incomprehensible that Thomas could support his lady friend, who made no meaningful contribution to the support and maintenance of his expensive and luxurious home, but could not support his former spouse and minor child.1 The trial court also expressly found, inter alia, that the husband’s defenses to his former wife’s motion for contempt constituted a complete lack of “clean hands.” Thus, it is clear from the tone of the order that the trial court did not intend to sanction a situation where a former husband invests his consolidated assets into an expensive and luxurious home, lives in the home with his girlfriend, maintains her and the house, and cries poverty to avoid paying his alimony obligations to his former wife. We certainly agree that the trial court should not sanction such a blatantly defrauding scheme by permitting the former husband to hide behind the homestead exemption laws. As the supreme court stated in Anderson v. Anderson, 44 So. 2d 652 (Fla.1950),
[t]he Courts have taken the view that inasmuch as the purpose of the exemption statute is to protect not only the husband but also his family from destitution and becoming a public charge, the exemption statute will not, unless the contrary intention is clearly shown, be construed to enable the husband to claim its benefits against the very persons to whom he owes the obligation of support and maintenance, and that to construe the statute otherwise would, at least in part, defeat its avowed object.2
In our view, Thomas is attempting to claim the benefits of the homestead exemption law against the very person to whom he owes the obligation of support and maintenance. Thus, if permitted, he would defeat the avowed objective of protecting his family from destitution and becoming a public charge.
Furthermore, Florida courts have repeatedly recognized the proposition that the homestead exemption laws should not be applied so as to make them an instrument of fraud, or an imposition on creditors, nor as a means to escape honest debts. Milton v. Milton, 63 Fla. 533, 58 So. 718 (1912); Jetton Lumber Co. v. Hall, 67 Fla. 61, 64 So. 440 (1914); Hillsborough Inv. Co. v. Wilcox, 152 Fla. 889, 13 So. 2d 448 (1943); Vandiver v. Vincent, 139 So. 2d 704 (Fla. 2nd DCA 1962); Frase v. Branch, 362 So. 2d 317 (Fla. 2nd DCA 1978); Heritage Insurance Co. v. Foster Electric Co., 393 So. 2d 28 (Fla. 3rd DCA 1981).
In the instant case, the record clearly supports the trial court’s implicit ruling that Thomas is attempting to use the homestead exemption law as a instrument to defraud his former wife and to escape his honest debt to her. Thus, in light of Thomas’s conduct, we conclude that the trial court did not err in failing to afford Thomas the protection granted by the homestead exemption laws. Accordingly, we affirm the trial court's finding that Thomas has had the ability to pay but had divested himself of assets with which to make the alimony payments, and that his home shall be sold and the proceeds of the sale used to satisfy the alimony arrearages.
AFFIRMED.
DOWNEY, J., concurs.
FARMER, J., concurs specially with opinion.
. Thomas Gepfrich was earlier found to be in arrears with his child support obligations.
. Thomas' reliance upon Graham v. Azar, 204 So. 2d 193 (Fla.1967) is misplaced since that case is distinguishable in that there was no evidence of fraud.
FARMER, Judge,
concurring specially.
I fully agree with everything Judge Gunther has said. I wish only to add an observation as to why homestead does not defeat the chancellor’s remedy.
It is now well established in this state that, where fraud or reprehensible conduct is involved, an equitable lien may be imposed even against homestead property. Clutter Construction Corporation v. Clutter, 173 So. 2d 761 (Fla. 3rd DCA 1965); and Isaacson v. Isaacson, 504 So. 2d 1309 (Fla. 1st DCA 1987).
The trial court’s finding that appellant’s defenses to the contempt charge “constitute a complete lack of clean hands” establish for me the functional equivalent of fraud or reprehensible conduct sufficient for an equitable lien. Instead of imposing an equitable lien directly against appellant’s post-dissolution homestead, as the court indisputably could have done under Clutter or Isaacson, the judge chose the much less intrusive (to my mind) sanction of requiring the appellant himself to sell the new house and pay the child support and alimony arrearages therefrom.
If an equitable lien had been directly imposed, the sheriff would conduct a judicial sale, controlling the time and manner of sale, as well as establishing the sale price. Under the trial judge’s order, appellant chooses the time and manner of sale and sets his own price. I simply can find no error in any of this. I concur without reservation in the court’s disposition.
Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus
Citator
Cited By (16 total)
-
Butterworth v. Caggiano, 605 So. 2d 56 (Fla. 1992)…, 63 Fla. 533, 58 So. 718 (1912). Thus, Florida courts have not hesitated to impose equitable liens on homesteads to provide relief from fraud or other reprehensible conduct. Jones v. Carpenter, 90 Fla. 407, 106 So. 127 (1925); Gepfrich v. Gepfrich, 582 So. 2d 743 (Fla. 4th DCA 1991). In La Mar v. Lechlider, 135 Fla. 703, 711, 185 So. 833, 837 (1939), we reasoned: To say that a lien could not be decreed against the homestead under the facts in this case would be to make the homestead an instrument of fraud.…
-
Havoco OF Am., Ltd. v. Hill, 790 So. 2d 1018 (Fla. 2001)
-
Radin v. Radin, 593 So. 2d 1231 (Fla. 3d DCA 1992)…mer husband would only pay alimony when subject to incarceration, a finding supported by substantial competent evidence at least for the period 1990-91.3 We think the conduct just recited brings the case within the reasoning of Gepfrich v. Gepfrich, 582 So. 2d 743 (Fla. 4th DCA 1991) and Isaacson and distinguishes it from the facts present in Graham v. Azar, 204 So. 2d 193 (Fla.1967). Having affirmed the imposition of the equitable lien,4 we find that the former husband’s objection to the form of the lien is…
Previewing 3 of 16 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited (11 total)
- IDE v. City OF ST. Cloud, 152 Fla. 837 (Fla. 1943)
- Milton v. Milton, 63 Fla. 533 (Fla. 1912)
- Jetton Lumber Co. v. Hall, 67 Fla. 61 (Fla. 1914)
- Hillsborough Inv. Co. v. Wilcox, 152 Fla. 889 (Fla. 1943)
- Anderson v. Anderson, 44 So.2d 652 (Fla. 1950)
- Mrs. v. N. (Minnie Belle) Vandiver, 139 So. 2d 704 (Fla. 2d DCA 1962)
- Harris Isaacson v. Isaacson, 504 So. 2d 1309 (Fla. 1st DCA 1987)
- Clutter Constr. Corp. v. Clutter, 173 So. 2d 761 (Fla. 3d DCA 1965)
- Grady A. Barnard v. Crews, 204 So. 2d 193 (Fla. 1967)
- Heritage Ins. Co. OF Am. v. Foster Elec. Co., Inc., 393 So. 2d 28 (Fla. 3d DCA 1981)