JOSEPH MAY, APPELLANT,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLEE
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Joseph May appealed his conviction and sentence as a habitual felony offender. The court affirmed his guilty plea to grand theft but reversed his habitual offender sentence because the two predicate convictions were not sentenced separately as required by statute.
The court held that the two convictions were not sentenced separately because they were adjudicated and sentenced on the same date (February 23, 1995), and the February 1994 withheld adjudication cannot be treated as a prior conviction under § 775.084(2) because that statute narrowly applies only to probation, not community control. Therefore, the habitual offender sentence was improper and must be reversed.
[1] A withheld adjudication followed by community control, without a subsequent offense during the community control period, cannot serve as a predicate offense for habitual…
[2] For purposes of habitual offender sentencing, convictions that are resolved by a single plea agreement on the same date are not considered separately sentenced.
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligence“May did not stipulate that he qualified as a habitual felony offender, so the State was required to prove that he had been convicted of two or more felonies that were sentenced separately from each other.”
Establishes the statutory requirement for habitual offender sentencing
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Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceMay pleaded guilty to grand theft in case 95-09259 and was sentenced to ten years as a habitual offender on January 22, 1996. The State relied on two …
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NORTHCUTT, Judge.
The public defender filed an Anders1 brief, stating he found no meritorious grounds to support reversal of Joseph May’s conviction or sentence. May then filed a pro se brief, contesting his habitual offender sentence and the voluntary nature of his guilty plea. Finding no merit in May’s challenge to the plea, we affirm his conviction. But we agree that the court erred in sentencing him as a habitual felony offender. We reverse the sentence, and remand for further proceedings.
On January 22, 1996, the court sentenced May to ten years’ imprisonment as a habitual offender in circuit court case number 95-09259, based on May’s plea of guilty to grand theft.2 May did not stipulate that he qualified as a habitual felony offender, so the State was required to prove that he had been convicted of two or more felonies that were sentenced separately from each other. See § 775.084(l)(a)l., (5), Fla. Stat. (1995).
In the first case the State submitted, circuit court case number 93-14209, the judge withheld adjudication in February 1994, and placed May on two years’ community control. The following year, on February 23,1995, the court adjudicated May guilty in that case, based on his violation of community control. At the same time, the court adjudicated May guilty of new offenses in circuit court case number 94-16021. This was the second conviction the State introduced to prove that May qualified as a habitual felony offender in the case before us, number 95-09259. On their faces, these two convictions seem not to satisfy the section 775.084(5) requirement that the convictions be sentenced separately. In fact, in January 1995 May entered into a single plea agreement that resolved both cases.
At the sentencing hearing, the State argued that the crimes were sentenced sepa rately based on the original disposition of case number 93-14029 in February 1994. Section 775.084(2), Florida Statutes (1995), addresses when a withheld adjudication can be used as a predicate offense for habitual offender treatment:
(2) For the purposes of this section, the placing of a person on probation without an adjudication of guilt shall be treated as a prior conviction if the subsequent offense for which he is to be sentenced was committed during such probationary period.
Previous decisions have construed this subsection narrowly, and determined that because it specifically references “probation” and a “probationary period,” it does not apply to a defendant serving community control. See Smith v. State, 651 So. 2d 1218 (Fla. 2d DCA 1995); see also Destra v. State, 672 So. 2d 822 (Fla. 3d DCA 1995); Allen v. State, 654 So. 2d 1027 (Fla. 1st DCA 1995). Consequently, the February 1994 disposition of case number 93-14209, in which the court withheld adjudication and placed May on community control, cannot be treated as a prior conviction under section 775.084. For habitual offender purposes, the date of conviction in that case was February 23, 1995, the same date as the conviction in case number 94-16021. That being so, these two convictions were insufficient to support a habitual offender sentence because they were not sentenced separately. § 775.084(5).
We reverse May’s sentence in circuit court case number 95-09259 and remand for resentencing. Because May’s counsel failed to object to the habitual offender sentence on the ground that the convictions were not sentenced separately, we permit the State on remand to again seek habitual offender treatment, using other convictions, if they exist. See Lowenthal v. State, 699 So. 2d 319 (Fla. 2d DCA 1997).
Affirmed in part, reversed and remanded for resentencing.
PARKER, C.J., and RONDOLINO, ANTHONY, Associate Judge, concur. . Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738, 87 S.Ct. 1396, 18 L.Ed.2d 493 (1967).
. The court also sentenced May for violation of community control and probation in circuit court case numbers 93-14209 and 94-16201. Those sentences were not challenged on appeal, and are not affected by our decision.
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Erick Richardson v. State, 884 So. 2d 950 (Fla. 4th DCA 2003)…is court has not directly addressed this issue before, but several cases seem to implicitly recognize this conclusion. See Ford v. State, 814 So. 2d 1121 (Fla. 4th DCA 2002); see also Edison v. State, 848 So. 2d 498 (Fla. 2d DCA 2003); May v. State, 713 So. 2d 1087 (Fla. 2d DCA 1998). But see Render v. State, 742 So. 2d 503 (Fla. 3d DCA 1999). We acknowledge that revocation of probation requires adjudication of guilt. See § 948.06(1), Fla. Stat. (2002). This does not render subsection two meaningless or compe…
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Schneider v. State, 788 So. 2d 1073 (Fla. 2d DCA 2001)…et v. State, 629 So. 2d 125 (Fla. 1993) (holding that when adjudication is withheld and a defendant is placed on community control, such offense cannot be considered a prior conviction for purposes of habitual offender sentencing), and May v. State, 713 So. 2d 1087 (Fla. 2d DCA 1998) (same). Here, Schneider was adjudicated guilty of the offense, unlike the defendants in those cases. Therefore, the trial court correctly found that that the attempted sexual battery could serve as a predicate offense for violent…
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Edison v. State, 848 So. 2d 498 (Fla. 2d DCA 2003)…parately, the State has not met its burden of proving that Edison qualified as an HFO. Accordingly, we reverse. On remand, the State may again seek HFO treatment, if applicable. Tyler v. State, 826 So. 2d 1103, 1104 (Fla. 2d DCA 2002); May v. State, 713 So. 2d 1087, 1088 (Fla. 2d DCA 1998). Reversed and remanded. NORTHCUTT and KELLY, JJ„ Concur.…
Previewing 3 of 5 citing cases — full citator treatment, depth of discussion, and citing context are member features.
Join FLexlaw to unlock all legal intelligenceAuthorities Cited
- Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (U.S. 1967)
- Calvin's Heavy Equip., Inc. v. Kirkland, 699 So. 2d 319 (Fla. 1st DCA 1997)
- Smith v. State, 651 So. 2d 1218 (Fla. 2d DCA 1995)
- Destra v. State, 672 So. 2d 822 (Fla. 3d DCA 1995)
- Allen v. State, 654 So. 2d 1027 (Fla. 1st DCA 1995)