ROBERT REARDON, PETITIONER,
v.
STATE OF FLORIDA, RESPONDENT

Fla. 4th DCA | 1998-08-12
No. 98-1703
DELL and STEVENSON, JJ., concur.
715 So. 2d 348 Florida District Court of Appeal, Fourth District (1998) Positive Treatment
Cited by 12 cases

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Holding

A trial court must grant a public defender's motion to withdraw when the public defender certifies a conflict of interest due to representing multiple clients with adverse interests, as per section 27.53(3), Florida Statutes.


Headnotes

[1] A trial court must grant separation of representation when a public defender moves to withdraw based on a conflict of interest due to adverse or hostile interests between…

[2] A trial court cannot reweigh the facts considered by the public defender in determining that a conflict of interest exists.

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Facts & Procedural History

The public defender sought to withdraw from representing a criminal defendant due to a conflict of interest, as the office also represented the allege…

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Opinion of the Court
FARMER, Judge.

FARMER, Judge.

Petitioner is represented by the public defender on an aggravated battery charge. The public defender certified to the trial judge that he has a conflict of interest requiring withdrawal because his office also represented the alleged victim in this case at his arraignment on a charge of driving under the influence. The trial judge denied leave to withdraw. We grant certiorari, quash the order, and instruct the trial judge to appoint different counsel.

Section 27.53(3), Florida Statutes (1997), provides:

“If at any time during the representation of two or more indigents the public defender shall determine that the interests of those accused are so adverse or hostile that they cannot all be counseled by the public defender or his or her staff without conflict of interest, or that none can be counseled by the public defender or his or her staff because of conflict of interest, it shall be the public defender’s duty to move the court to appoint other counsel. The court may appoint one or more members of The Florida Bar, who are in no way affiliated with the public defender, in his or her capacity as such, or in his or her private practice, to represent those accused.... The appointed attorney shall be compensated as provided in s. 925.036.”

In Guzman v. State, 644 So. 2d 996, 999 (Fla.1994), the court held that:

“once a public defender moves to withdraw from the representation of a client based on a conflict due to adverse or hostile interests between the two clients, under section 27.53(3), Florida Statutes (1991), a trial court must grant separation representation.”

Moreover, the Guzman court also held that a trial court is not permitted to reweigh the facts considered by the public defender in determining that a conflict exists, even if the representation of one of the clients has been concluded. Id.

In this case, the trial judge determined that the victim had been represented by an unidentified assistant public defender for just a couple of minutes, that the victim was no longer on probation, and that he therefore would not suffer any prejudice in being questioned by petitioner’s attorney in the pending criminal case about the victim’s use of alcohol; and similarly that the public defender could not impeach the victim with his misdemeanor DUI conviction. Moreover, the judge found that the victim had .indicated that he would waive any possible conflict. Petitioner declined, however, to waive the conflict.

In sum the court found that the interests of the victim were not so adverse or hostile to those of petitioner that the public defender could not represent petitioner. The court reasoned that to allow a public defender to withdraw based on the type of limited representation that occurred here would place a burden on the taxpayers of Palm Beach County, who would then have to bear the cost of court-appointed counsel. It is conceivable, the court found, that the public defender’s office would not be able to represent anyone in Palm Beach County, since arraignments in traffic offenses for which the public defender represents defendants run into the thousands.

While the trial court’s concerns are understandable, we have no choice but to grant the petition and quash the trial court’s order, as it is clear under Guzman that the trial court has no discretion in this matter. See, e.g., Costa v. State, 712 So. 2d 455, 23 Fla. L. Weekly D1472 (Fla. 4th DCA June 17, 1998) (public defender’s office should be allowed to withdraw upon certifying conflict); Hope v. State, 654 So. 2d 639, 639 (Fla. 4th DCA 1995) (“Following the dictates of Guzman, once the public defender determined that a conflict existed ... the trial court was required to grant the motion to withdraw.”); Crowe v. State, 701 So. 2d 431, 432 (Fla. 5th DCA 1997) (Daukseh, J., concurring specially) (Guzman “takes all exercise of discretion from the trial judge in these instances.”).

The State argues that while the trial court may not reweigh the facts, Holloway v. Arkansas, 435 U.S. 475, 487, 98 S.Ct. 1173, 55 L.Ed.2d 426 (1978), provides that the trial court is not precluded from “exploring the adequacy of. the basis of defense counsel’s representations regarding a conflict of interest without improperly requiring disclosure of the confidential communications of the client.” Presumably the Florida Supreme Court was aware of Holloway when it issued its opinions in Guzman and Babb v. Edwards, 412 So. 2d 859 (Fla.1982), in which the Court stated that:

“the language in section 27.53(3) clearly and unambiguously requires the trial court to appoint other counsel ... upon certification by the public defender that adverse defendants cannot be represented by him or his staff without conflict of interest. The statute does not require the consideration and weighing of those factors suggested by the district court.... Since section 27.53(3) is clear and unambiguous, judicial interpretation is not appropriate to displace its expressed intent.”

412 So. 2d at 862. While Holloway did not as a matter of federal constitutional law preclude a trial court from “exploring” the adequacy of the basis of the conflict, Guzman clearly did so as a matter of Florida statutory law. We are bound to follow Guzman, which was based on the Florida Supreme Court’s authoritative construction of a' state statute affording greater protection than the Sixth Amendment right to counsel. See Sapp v. State, 690 So. 2d 581, 586 (Fla.), cert. denied, — U.S. -, 118 S.Ct. 116, 139 L.Ed.2d 69 (1997) (states may afford greater protection to an individual than federal constitution does); Briggs v. Salcines, 392 So. 2d 263, 266 n. 2 (Fla. 2d DCA 1980), cert. denied, 454 U.S. 815, 102 S.Ct. 92, 70 L.Ed.2d 84 (1981) (because extent of attorney-client privilege is matter of state law, state court is not bound to follow United States Supreme Court’s holding in this regard).

For these reasons there is no conflict with Holloway, and we decline to certify this ease as involving an issue of great public importance. We believe the issue is settled as a matter of state law under Guzman and Babb. Any change in the manner in which a public defender’s certification of conflict is treated by the trial courts and reviewed will have to come from the legislature.

DELL and STEVENSON, JJ., concur.


Cases With Similar Vibessemantic neighbors from the corpus


Citator

Cited By

  • Valle v. State, 763 So. 2d 1175 (Fla. 4th DCA 2000)
    …w because of a conflict arising from the public defender’s prior representation of two witnesses for the state. The trial court denied the motion to withdraw and the public defender seeks a writ of certiorari. We have jurisdiction. Reardon v. State, 715 So. 2d 348 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998), rev. denied, 743 So. 2d 15 (Fla.1999); Roberts v. State, 345 So. 2d 837 (Fla. 3d DCA 1977). We grant the petition. [*1177] Petitioner is charged with manslaughter by culpable negligence as well as other crimes arising out of an…
  • Leslie v. State, 720 So. 2d 559 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998)
    …n grant the motion; it may not reweigh the facts that gave rise to the public defender’s determination that a conflict existed. See § 27.53(3), Fla. Stat. (1997); Guzman v. State, 644 So. 2d 996 (Fla.1994); Reardon v. State, 23 Fla. L. Weekly D1881, 715 So. 2d 348 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998); Costa v. State, 712 So. 2d 455 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998); Cankur v. State, 706 So. 2d 944 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998); Banks v. State, 661 So. 2d 419 (Fla. 4th DCA 1995); Crowe v. State, 701 So. 2d 431, 431-32 (Fla. 5th DCA 1997) (Dauksch, J.…
  • Sheffield v. State, 725 So. 2d 1229 (Fla. 4th DCA 1999)
    …Florida Statutes, the trial court had no discretion in this matter. See also Leslie v. State, 720 So. 2d 559, 23 Fla. L. Weekly D2092 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998); Filan v. State, 720 So. 2d 549, 23 Fla. L. Weekly D1880 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998); Reardon v. State, 715 So. 2d 348 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998). We grant certiorari, quash the order denying leave to withdraw, and instruct the trial judge to appoint different counsel. As we did in Reardon, we conclude that any other result would require a legislative change and again de…

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