STATE OF FLORIDA, APPELLANT,
v.
ROY OZZIE BANKS, APPELLEE

Fla. 2d DCA | 1982-07-28
No. 82-449
RYDER and CAMPBELL, JJ., concur.
418 So. 2d 1059 Florida District Court of Appeal, Second District (1982) Caution
Cited by 12 cases

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Holding

The court held that the trial court abused its discretion in dismissing the indictment because a continuance was a viable alternative to dismissal, and the discovery violations were not willful.


Headnotes

[1] Dismissal of charges is an extreme sanction that should be utilized with caution and only when a lesser sanction would not accomplish the desired result.

[2] Prejudice does not result from a discovery violation when the defendant obtains the information through other means.

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Facts & Procedural History

The state appealed an order dismissing the indictment against the defendant, who had made numerous discovery demands. The trial court granted two moti…

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Opinion of the Court
BOARDMAN, Acting Chief Judge.

BOARDMAN, Acting Chief Judge.

The state appeals an order dismissing the indictment against appellee Roy Ozzie Banks. We reverse.

Appellee was arrested on September 3, 1981, and was subsequently indicted for first-degree murder. Appellee made numerous demands for discovery beginning as early as September 29, 1981. The first response the state made to any of appellee’s demands for discovery came on January 4, 1982. Amended discovery responses were filed on February 5, 1982, and February 10, 1982.

Appellee filed six motions to dismiss the indictment against him, the second and fifth of which were granted, resulting in the order of dismissal now being appealed. Both of the motions which the trial court found to have merit were filed on February 22, the date originally set for trial, and were heard the following day.

The second motion to dismiss alleged that in spite of appellee’s demands for discovery, appellee did not learn until February 18, 1982, when he deposed Stephen B. Edwards of the Tampa Police Department, that a .22 caliber revolver was found on the victim’s person after he was shot.

The fifth motion to dismiss alleged that the state failed to supply appellee with the names of Larry Bowman, Joe Mack, Reggie House, and Clarence, all of whom were alleged witnesses to the shooting, and that appellee did not become aware of these witnesses until he deposed Leroy D. Black of the Tampa Police Department on February 18, 1982. The motion further alleged that appellee became aware of three other witnesses allegedly present when the shooting occurred who were not listed by the state in discovery, Cedric A. Jones, James Brown, and a black female whose last name was Mack, when appellee deposed Ed Won-ka, an investigator with the state attorney’s office, on February 19, 1982.

The state’s response to the latter motion was that it had not been able to ascertain whether the alleged witnesses were real people or had relevant information. Appel-lee responded that he should have been given the chance to find these people and learn whether they had pertinent information.

While the state’s failure to provide appellee with the information in question may have constituted a violation of the discovery rules, it does not appear that the violations were wilful. More important, and controlling here, is the fact that appel-lee became aware of the information on February 18, 1982. Prejudice does not result where the defendant obtains the information through other means. Sireci v. State, 399 So. 2d 964 (Fla. 1981).

Appellee argued, however, that since trial was scheduled for February 22, 1982, he was prejudiced in that he did not have time to locate these witnesses and prepare for the impact of their possible testimony. We disagree. As we stated in State v. King, 372 So. 2d 1126, 1128 (Fla. 2d DCA 1979), cert. denied, 385 So. 2d 758 (Fla. 1980):

While a trial court has the authority to dismiss a cause as a sanction for failure to comply with a court order or for violation of a discovery rule, Fla. R. Crim. P. 3.220(j), State v. Oliver, 322 So. 2d 638 (Fla. 3d DCA 1975), the dismissal of charges against a defendant is an extreme sanction and one that should be utilized with caution and only when a lesser sanction would not accomplish the desired result. State v. Smith, 342 So. 2d 1094 (Fla. 2d DCA 1977).

Accord, State v. Perez, 383 So. 2d 923 (Fla. 2d. DCA 1980). Here the speedy trial time did not expire until March 2, 1982, so that, as in State v. Lowe, 398 So. 2d 962 (Fla. 4th DCA 1981), a continuance was a viable alternative, since appellee would have had seven days from the date of the hearing on his motions to dismiss to further prepare for trial, in addition to the five days from the date the information became known to appellee to the date of the hearing.

We are aware that, unlike in Lowe, where the state suggested a continuance, not only was no such suggestion made here, but the prosecutor had flatly stated the day before the hearing that he was opposed to a continuance for any reason. However, it is probable that he was not contemplating the alternative of dismissal at the time he made that statement and would not have been so adamant the day of the hearing had the trial court then questioned his resolve. In any event, the authority to continue a case rests solely in the court, which may impose a continuance over the objection of either party. Furthermore, the trial courts are or should be well aware of the availability of a continuance under proper circumstances, so that a continuance does not cease to be a viable alternative merely because the prosecutor fails to suggest it.

Consequently, we hold that the trial court here abused its discretion in dismissing the indictment against appellee, a continuance being at least one viable alternative under the circumstances.

Accordingly, the order dismissing the indictment against appellee is REVERSED and the cause REMANDED for further proceedings.

RYDER and CAMPBELL, JJ., concur.


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Citator

Cited By

  • State v. del Gaudio, 445 So. 2d 605 (Fla. 3d DCA 1984)
    …defense, there is no longer any prejudice from the previous delay. If the discovery material and information comes too late to permit the trial to proceed as scheduled, the prejudice is extinguished when the trial is continued.6’ See State v. Banks, 418 So. 2d 1059 (Fla. 2d DCA), rev. denied, 424 So. 2d 760 (Fla.1982) (reversing dismissal; continuance appropriate sanction where despite State’s failure to notify defendant of certain eyewitnesses to alleged crime, defendant learned of such information some twelv…
    1 / 2
  • State v. Burnison, 438 So. 2d 538 (Fla. 2d DCA 1983)
    …2d 753 (Fla. 2d DCA 1982), where an order dismissing an information was granted following alleged misconduct by certain deputies, we reversed the dismissal as too drastic a sanction, absent demonstrable prejudice to the defendant. In State v. Banks, 418 So. 2d 1059 (Fla. 2d DCA), cert. denied, 424 So. 2d 760 (Fla.1982), after reversing a dismissal for a discovery violation, we pointed out that the trial court should have been aware of the availability of a continuance as a viable alternative to remedy any disa…
  • State v. Eladio Alfonso, 433 So. 2d 1357 (Fla. 4th DCA 1983)
    …ith an order compelling disclosure. See State v. Weinfurt, 409 So. 2d 1187 (Fla. 4th DCA 1982); State v. Hilliard, 409 So. 2d 211 (Fla. 4th DCA 1982). Where the violation is not wilful, however, dismissal is inappropriate. See, e.g., State v. Banks, 418 So. 2d 1059 (Fla. 2d DCA 1982). This is particularly apt where no prejudice has been demonstrated. The state had precious little information to disclose but there was disclosure to the extent possible. Under such circumstances dismissal is unwarranted. We ther…

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